Abstract
A main objective of ecotoxicology is to assess the effect of chemicals on ecosystems and to evaluate their potential ecological risk (Moriarty, 1983). Consequently, many theoretical and experimental explorations have been made to provide an adequate basis for the effect assessment of toxicants at the ecosystem level. Much attention is paid to the development of statistical methodologies to extrapolate the results obtained from laboratory toxicity tests to the field situation (Van Straalen and Denneman, 1989; Wagner and Lake, 1991; Aldenberg and Slob, 1993). Basically these methods estimate safe environmental concentrations of hazardous compounds from distribution models of critical effect levels obtained from single-species toxicity tests for different organisms
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Kammenga, J.E., Korthals, G.W., Bongers, T., Bakker, J. (1997). Reaction norms for life history traits as the basis for the evaluation of critical effect levels of toxicants. In: van Straalen, N.M., Løkke, H. (eds) Ecological Risk Assessment of Contaminants in Soil. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6361-7_14
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6361-7_14
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