Abstract
Man and animals have phylogenetically acquired highly sophisticated sensorimotor controls such as coordination and adaptation controls which have been intensely studied and modelled over the past 25 years. These controls may be mediated through cognitive actions which depend on the nature, the general context of execution, the degree of learning and repetition of the task.
Coordination control is defined as the process (static and dynamic aspects) leading to optimisation of the performance of two sensorimotor systems involved in a common task (eye-hand tracking, eye-head pointing, two-arm reaching, etc.). Adaptation control defines short and long term changes within a sensorimotor system which progressively lead to the recovery of a close-to-normal function when an alteration affects the system’s input- output relationship (e.g. adaptation control in response to optical changes of the visuomanual relationship, of the vestibulo-ocular reflex, of the saccadic tracking system, etc.). This implies that an adaptive system has built-in plastic elements handling the changes. The resulting adaptive changes are still observed, over a given period, when the alteration, cause of the adaptation, is removed (the so-called post-effect).
Coordination and adaptation controls are described and modelled in the vestibuloocular system and the oculo-manual tracking system. We shall demonstrate that the essential function of both systems is based on a reflex which can be mediated by various factors including will. The coordination control will be illustrated as contributing to the decrease of the latency between eye and arm motion and the increase of smooth pursuit maximal velocity in self-moved target tracking as compared to eye-alone tracking. Adaptation control will be described as its contribution to maintain the gain of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and the manuo-ocular reflex (MOR) to the appropriate values in spite of maturation changes, disease or when the observer is fitted with optical devices. Implications in clinics and telerobotics will be proposed as a conclusion.
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Gauthier, G.M., Vercher, JL., Blouin, J. (1997). Integrating Reflexes and Voluntary Behaviours: Coordination and Adaptation Controls in Man. In: Cantoni, V., Di Gesù, V., Setti, A., Tegolo, D. (eds) Human and Machine Perception. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5965-8_14
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5965-8_14
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