Abstract
Many bird species consume large quantities of invertebrates, some of which are considered agricultural pests. However, relatively few quantitative studies demonstrate that avian predators can reduce agricultural insect pests below a level at which unchecked populations would cause economic damage to crops or require treatment with pesticides. In fact, since the subject of economic ornithology (“all relations of birds that has any bearing upon the material welfare of [humans]”— McAtee, 1933) was last reviewed (e.g., McFarlane, 1976; Sweetman, 1958), there have been only a handful of published studies on the role of birds in agricultural ecosystems, and most of these refer to small-plot effects, with no attempt to aggregate the results at the level of an agricultural economic unit, i.e., the farm.
In New England they once thought black-birds useless, and mischievous to the corn. They made efforts to destroy them. The consequence was, the blackbirds were diminished; but a kind of worm, which devoured their grass, and which the blackbirds used to feed on, increased prodigiously…. they wished again for their blackbirds. —Benjamin Franklin, 1749, cited in Glacken, 1967
Birds hunting insects and worms in an orchard may not buzz so much as the proverbial bee, but just the same they are mighty busy. —W. L. McAtee, 1921
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Kirk, D.A., Evenden, M.D., Mineau, P. (1996). Past and Current Attempts to Evaluate the Role of Birds as Predators of Insect Pests in Temperate Agriculture. In: Nolan, V., Ketterson, E.D. (eds) Current Ornithology. Current Ornithology, vol 13. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5881-1_5
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