Abstract
All eukaryotic cells examined to date exhibit an array of cytosolic polypeptides that have the ability to catalyze the energy-independent transfer of lipids and/or phospholipids between membrane bilayers in vitro (Wirtz, 1991; Bankaitis et al., 1996). These phospholipid transfer proteins (PLTPs) are classified as a function of their lipid headgroup specificities in the in vitro transfer reaction, and phosphatidylinositol transfer proteins (PITPs) represent a class of oligospecific PLTPs. PITPs effect efficient transfer of PI or the zwitterionic phospholipid phosphatidylcholine (PC), and a distinct preference is exhibited towards PI as transfer substrate. While the physiological functions of PITPs, and PLTPs in general, have presented a long-standing mystery for reasons reviewed elsewhere (Wirtz, 1991; Bankaitis et al., 1996), much progress has been made in the past several years on this problem. The discovery that the Saccharomyces cerevisiae SEC14 gene product (Secl4p) is the yeast PITP has provided the first opportunity to dissect the in vivo function of a PITP (Bankaitis et al., 1990). Immediate insights were forthcoming on this issue as genetic and biochemical analyses had identified Secl4p as a cytosolic factor that is essential for viability of the yeast cell because it is required for the biogenesis of secretory vesicles dedicated to the transport of secretory glycoproteins from a late Golgi compartment (Novick et al., 1980; Bankaitis et al., 1989; Cleves et al., 1991). The outstanding questions that remain include the following: (i) what is the mechanism of Secl4p function in the stimulation of protein export from the yeast Golgi complex?, and (ii) how does Secl4p harness its PI and PC transfer activities to biological function? In this manuscript, we will discuss the recent progress we have made on these issues.
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Kearns, M.A., Fang, M., Rivas, M., Kearns, B.G., Kagiwada, S., Bankaitis, V.A. (1996). Phosphatidylinositol Transfer Protein Function in the Yeast saccharomyces Cerevisiae. In: Vanderhoek, J.Y. (eds) Frontiers in Bioactive Lipids. GWUMC Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Annual Spring Symposia. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5875-0_12
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5875-0_12
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