Abstract
It is widely accepted that vasoactive substances which are consumed or produced by tissue metabolism play a role in the adjustment of local perfusion rate to the metabolic needs of the tissue. In order to evoke a response of the vascular system, these substances — in the following for simplicity denoted by “vasodilators” even though oxygen, for example, is a vasoconstrictor — need to get into close contact with the small arterioles which represent the most powerful effectors in perfusion control. On the other hand, tissue sites in which supply with nutrients is most critical (“lethal corners”) and in which a vasodilator signal may be generated earliest, are located hundreds of µm away from the arteriolar supply. In an attempt to explain how this gap in the signal chain may be bridged, it has been suggested that vasodilators released by the tissue cells are taken up by the blood stream and transported with the blood to the venules and from there by diffusion to the accompanying arterioles which are reactive to changes in vasodilator concentration [9, 16].
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
C.G. Caro, T.Y. Pedley, R.C. Schroter, W.A. Seed, The mechanics of the circulation, Oxford, Pergamon Press, 1978.
E. Eriksson, M. Myrhage, Microvascular dimensions and blood flow in skeletal muscle, Acta Physiol.Scand. 86:211–222 (1972)
K. Fronek, B.W. Zweifach, Microvascular pressure distribution in skeletal muscle and the effect of vasodilation, Am.J.Physiol. 228:791–796 (1975)
Y.-C. Fung, Biodynamics (Circulation), Springer-Verlag, New York, 1984.
K. Groebe, Effects of red cell spacing and red cell movement upon oxygen release under conditions of maximally working skeletal muscle, Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. 248:175–185 (1989).
K. Groebe, A versatile model of steady state O 2 supply to tissue: Application to skeletal muscle, Biophys.J. 57:485–498 (1990).
K. Groebe, O 2 transport in skeletal muscle: Development of concepts and current state, Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. 345:15–22 (1994).
K. Groebe, An easy-to-use model for oxygen supply to red muscle, Biophys.J. 68:1246–1269 (1995).
R.L. Hester, Venular-arteriolar diffusion of adenosine in hamster cremaster microcirculation, Am. J. Physiol. 258:H1918–H1924 (1990).
C.R. Honig, T.E.J. Gayeski, W. Federspiel, A. Clark, P. Clark, Muscle O 2 gradients from hemoglobin to cytochrome: new concepts, new complexities, Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. 169:23–38 (1984)
C.R. Honig, T.E.J. Gayeski, A. Clark, P.A.A. Clark, Arteriovenous oxygen diffusion shunt is negligible in resting and working gracilis muscles, Am.J.Physiol. 261:H2031–H2043 (1991).
Yu.Ya. Kislyakov, A.V. Kopyltsov, Erythrocyte in the capillary-the mathematical model, in: Biomechani-cal transport processes, F. Mosora et al. (eds.), pp. 217–222, Plenum Press, New York, 1990.
Yu.Ya. Kislyakov, A.V. Kopyltsov, Mathematical model of the movement of a non-symmetric erythrocyte along a capillary, Biophysics 3:484–489 (1990).
A.V. Kopyltsov, Effect of the viscosity of the plasma on the resistance to motion of erythrocytes along the capillaries, Biophysics 6:1131–1136 (1989).
A.S. Popel, Theory of oxygen transport to tissue, Critical Rev.Biomed.Eng. 17:257–321 (1989).
Y. Saito, A. Eraslan, R.L. Hester, Importance of venular flow in control of arteriolar diameter in hamster cremaster muscle, Am. J.Physiol. 265:H1294–H1300 (1993).
G.W. Schmid-Schoenbein, R. Skalak, S. Usami, S. Chien, Cell distribution in capillary networks, Mi-crovasc.Res. 19:18–44 (1980).
G. Thews, Oxygen supply to the dynamically working skeletal muskle, in: Funktionsanalyse biologischer Systeme, Bd. 16, M. Meyer, N. Heisler (eds.), pp. 63–75, Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur, G.Fischer, Stuttgart, 1986.
B.J. Zweifach, H.H. Lipowsky, Pressure-flow relations in blood and lymph microcirculation, in: Handbook of Physiology, Sect. 2: The Cardiovascular System, Vol. IV: Microcirculation, E.M. Renkin, C.C. Michel, (eds.), pp. 251–307, American Physiological Society, Bethesda, 1984
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1997 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kopyltsov, A.V., Groebe, K. (1997). Mathematical Modelling of Local Regulation of Blood Flow by Veno-Arterial Diffusion of Vasoactive Metabolites. In: Nemoto, E.M., et al. Oxygen Transport to Tissue XVIII. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 411. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5865-1_37
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5865-1_37
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-7689-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-5865-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive