Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Dietary Requirements

  • Chapter
Feed Management in Intensive Aquaculture

  • 129 Accesses

Abstract

Following the digestion and absorption of food from the digestive tract of fish or shrimp, nutrients become available to meet the metabolic needs of the animal. In the context of feed management some understanding of the nature of essential nutrients used in aquaculture feeds is important when selecting and using feeds of different types. There is extensive literature covering fish and shrimp nutrition and only an outline is included here (reviews are given in Cowey et al., 1985; Halver, 1989; Lovell, 1989; Wilson, 1991; Akiyama et al., 1992; Kaushik and Luquet, 1993; NRC, 1993; Cowey and Wilson, 1994).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Akiyama, D.M. 1992. Future considerations for shrimp nutrition and the aquaculture feed industry. In Proceedings of the Special Session on Shrimp Farming, ed. J. Wyban, pp. 198–205. World Aquaculture Society, Baton Rouge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Akiyama, D.M., W.G. Doming, and A.L. Lawrence. 1992. Penaeid shrimp nutrition. In Marine Shrimp Culture: Principles and Practices, eds. A.W. Fast and L.J. Lester. Elsevier, Amsterdam.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alava, V.R. and C. Lim, 1983. The quantitative dietary protein requirements of Penaeus monodon juveniles in a controlled environment. Aquaculture 30:53–62.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arai, S. 1991. Eel, Anguilla spp. In Handbook of Nutrient Requirements of Finfish, ed. R.P. Wilson. CRC Press, Boca Raton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Archdekin, C.G., D.A. Higgs, B.A. Mckeown, and E. Plisetskaya. 1988. Protein requirements of post-juvenile chinook salmon in seawater. Bulletin of the Aquaculture Association of Canada 4:78–80.

    Google Scholar 

  • Breti; J.R. and T.D.D Groves. 1979. Physiological energetics. In Fish Physiology VIII. Bioenergetics and Growth, eds. W.S. Hoar, D.J. Randal, and J.R Brett, pp. 270–352. Academic Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Castell, J.D., R.O. Sinnhuber, J.H. Wales, and D.J. Lee. 1972. Essential fatty acids in the diet of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri): Growth, feed conversion and some gross deficiency symptoms. Journal of Nutrition 102:77–86.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cho, C.Y., C.B. Cowey, and T. Watanabe. 1985. Finfish nutrition in Asia: Methodological approaches to research and development. IDRC, Ottawa.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cho, C. Y. and S.J. Kaushik, 1990. Nutritional energetics in fish: energy and protein utilization in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). World Review of Nutrition and Dietetics. 61:132–172.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chourrout, D. 1987. Genetic manipulations in fish: Review of methods. In Proceedings of the World Symposium on Selection, Hybridisation and Genetic Engineering in Aquaculture Bordeaus, Vol. II, ed. K. Tiews, pp. 111–126. Heenemann, Berlin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Convey, C.B., A.M. Mackie and J.G. Bell (eds.). 1985. Nutrition and Feeding in Fish. Academic Press, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Convey, C. 1988. The nutrition of fish: The developing scene. Nutrition Research Reviews 1:255–280.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Convey, C.B. 1994. Amino acid requirements of fish: A critical appraisal of present values. Aquaculture 124:1–11.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Convey, C.B. and RP. Wilson. 1994. Special issue-Fish nutrition and feeding. Aquaculture 124:1–368.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Deshimaru, O. and K. Kuroki, 1974. Studies on a purified diet for prawn-I: Basal Composition of the diet. Bulletin of the Japanese Society for Scientific Fisheries. 40:413–419.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Deshimaru, O. and K. Kuroki. 1983. Studies on the optimum levels of protein and lipid in yel-lowtail diets. Reports of Kagoshima Prefectural Fishery Experimental Station, pp. 44–79.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gatesoupe, F. J., C. Leger, R. Metailler and P. Luquet, 1977. Alimentation lipidique du turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.) 1. Influence du la longueur du chaîne des acides grade de la serie w3. Annales d’Hydrobiologie 8:89–97.

    Google Scholar 

  • Halver, J.E. 1989. Fish Nutrition, 2d Ed. Academic Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jauncey, K. and R. Ross. 1982. A Guide to Tilapia Feeds and Feeding. Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaushik, S.J. and P. Luquet, (eds.) 1993. Fish Nutrition in Practice. INRA, Paris.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lall, S.P. 1991. Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a complete fish diet. In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia. Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop. Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication 5, ed. S.S. DeSilva, p. 205. Asian Fisheries Society, Manila.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lall, S.P. and EJ. Bishop. 1977. Studies on mineral and protein utilization by Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) grown in sea water. Technical Report No. 688. Fisheries and Marine Service, Environment Canada, Ottawa.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lim, C., S. Sukhawongs and EP. Pascual. 1979. A preliminary study on the protein requirements of milkfish (Chanos chanos) (Forskal) fry in a controlled environment. Aquaculture 17:195–201.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lovell, T. 1989. Nutrition and Feeding of Fish. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Millikin, M.R., A.R. Fortner, P.H. Fair, and L.V. Sick. 1980. Influence of dietary protein concentration on growth, feed coversion, and general metabolism of juvenile prawn (Macro-brachium rosenbergii). Proceedings of the World Mariculture Society 9:195.

    Google Scholar 

  • NRC (NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL). 1983. Nutritient Requirements of Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  • NRC (NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL). 1993. Nutrient Requirements of Fish. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  • Primavera, J.H. 1994. Environmental and socioeconomic effects of shrimp farming: the Philippine experience. Infofish International 1:44–49.

    Google Scholar 

  • Santiago, C.B. and R.T. Lovell. 1988. Amino acid requirements for growth of Nile tilapia. Journal of Nutrition 118:1540–1546.

    Google Scholar 

  • Satia, B.P. 1974. Quantitative protein requirements of rainbow trout. Progressive Fish Culturist 36:80–85.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Satoh, S., W.E. Poe, and R.P. Wilson, 1989. Effect of dietary n-3 fatty acids on weight gain and liver polar lipid fatty acid composition of fingerling channel catfish. Journal of Nutrition 119: 23–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • TACON, A.G.J. 1992. Nutritional fish pathology. Morphological signs of nutrient deficiency and toxicity in farmed fish. FAO Fish Technical Paper No. 330, FAO, Rome. p. 75.

    Google Scholar 

  • Takeuchi, T. and T Watanabe.. 1977. Requirements of carp for essential fatty acids. Bulletin of the Japanese Society for Scientific Fisheries 43:541–551.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Takeuchi, T, S. Satoh and T. Watanabe. 1983. Requirements of Ti/apia nilotica for essential fatty acids. Bulletin of the Japanese Society for Scientific Fisheries 49:1127–1134.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Takeuchi, T, S. Arai, T. Watanabe, and Y. Shimma. 1980. Requirement of eel Anguilla japonica for essential fatty acids. Bulletin of the Japanese Society for Scientific Fisheries 46:345–353.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Watanabe, T. 1988. Nutrition and growth. In Intensive Fish Farming, ed. C.J. Shepherd and N.R. Bromage. BSP Professional Books, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, R.P. 1991 (Ed.). Handbook of Nutrient Requirements of Finfish. CRC Press, Boca Raton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, R.P. 1991 Channel Catfish, Ictalurus punctatus. In Handbook of Nutrient Requirements of Finfish, ed. R.P. Wilson, CRC Press, Boca Raton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, R.P. 1994. Utilization of dietary carbohydrate by fish. Aquaculture 124:67–80.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Winberg, G.G. 1956. Rate of METABOLISM AND FOOD REQUIREMENTS OF Fishes. Nauchnye Trudy Belorusskogo Gos. Univ. Minsk, p. 253 (English translation, Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Trans!. No. 194, 1960).

    Google Scholar 

  • Yone, Y., 1976. Nutritional studies of red sea bream. In Proceedings of the First International Conference on Aquaculture Nutrition. Eds. K.S. Price, W.N. Shaw, and K.S. Danberg. Lewes/Rehoboth, University of Delaware.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fisheries and Marine Institute, Memorial University, Newfoundland, Canada

    Stephen Goddard

Authors
  1. Stephen Goddard
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1997 Chapman & Hall

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Goddard, S. (1997). Dietary Requirements . In: Feed Management in Intensive Aquaculture. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5861-3_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5861-3_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-306-45524-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-5861-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation