Abstract
Air Quality models are essential tools in the understanding of pollutant dynamics in the atmosphere. In recent years, our understanding of the scientific foundations of the chemical and physical phenomena occurring in the atmosphere has continued to expand. We are able to construct comprehensive models that describe the dynamics of the air pollution. The inherent complexity and nonlinearity of the governing equations has made air quality modelling a computational “Grand Challenge”. Because grid models cannot explicitly simulate processes which occur on spatial scales smaller than the grid cells, the importance of such processes must be assessed. If a particular subgrid processes is found to be significant to the objective of the simulation, either the grid resolution of the model should be increased or a subgrid parameterization should be developed to account for the effect of the subgrid process. This is an important and common factor to all mesoscale and regional atmospheric chemistry models, such as the Acid Deposition and Oxidant Model (ADOM1) and Regional Acid Deposition Model (RADM2) and the Sulfur Transport Eulerian Model (STEM3). Because of this limiting factor and essentially for the final objectives of these simulations, comparison with monitoring data can only be made taking into account that the data has very different nature and limiting processes in the simulation and measuring sides are present. With this in mind, we present in this contribution the results of a photochemical numerical mesoscale Eulerian simulation over the Madrid (Spain) urban and suburban area by using the data from a meteorological sounding at 0h00 and 12h00 in the Madrid International Airport (Barajas) as input meteorological information and Madrid Municipality Pollution Monitoring Network at two stations into the Urban Area. Because of enormous computing requirements we have restricted the investigation to one day (August, 15th, 1991) and also because of the data availability. Further investigations on speeding-up the code and parallelization should be performed.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Venkatram A., Karamchandani P. and Misra P. (1988) “Testing a comprehensive acid deposition model”, Atmospheric Environment, 22, 737–747, 1988.
Chang J.S., Brost R.A., Isaksen I.S.A., Madronich S., Middleton P., Stockwell W.R. and Walcek C.J. “A three dimensional Eulerian acid deposition model: physical concepts and formulation ” J. Geophys. Res., 92, 14681–14700, 1987.
Carmichael G.R., Peters L.K. and Kitada T. “A second-generation model for regional-scale transport/chemistry/deposition ” Atmospheric Environment, 20, 173–188, 1986.
Flassak T. “Ein nicht-hydrostatisches mesoskaliges Modell zur Beschreibung del Dynamik der Planetaren Grenzschicht ” Ph. D., Fakultät für Maschinenbau der Universität Karlsruhe (Germany), 1989.
Wesely M.L. “Parameterization of surface resistances to gaseous dry deposition in regional-scale numerical models ” Atmospheric Environment, 23, 1293–1304, 1989.
Jacobson M.Z. and Turco R.P. “SMVGEAR: A sparse-matrix vectorized gear code for atmospheric models ” Atmospheric Environment, 28, 273–284, 1994.
Bouscaren R., Veldt C. and Zierock K. H. “CORINE: Emission Inventory Project, Final Report ” European Union, 1986.
E.P.A. “Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors ” 3rd Edition, Report AP-42, 1977.
INYPSA. “Estudio Inventario de emisiones contaminantes a la atmósfera de Madrid y su entorno industrial” 1986.
Andreani-Aksoyoglu S. and Keller J. “Estimates of monterpene and isoprene emissions from the forests in Switzerland” (personal communication), 1994.
Lamb B., Gay D. and Westberg H. “A biogenic hydrocarbon emission inventory for the U.S.A. using a simple forest canopy model ” 1987.
Moussiopoulos N.(Ed.) “The EUMAC Zooming Model. Model structure and applications ” EUROTRAC, International Scientific Secretariat Garmisch-Partenkirchen, March, 1994.
Wesely, M.L. and Hicks B.B “Some factors that affect the decomposition rates of sulfur dioxide and similar gases on vegetation ” APCA J. 27, 1110–1126, (1977).
San José R., Bilbao J., de Miguel A., Cachorro V.E., Viloria R.E., Tricio V., García A., Cancillo M.L., Casado H., Encinas D. and Palacios P. “An experimental and modelling study of SO 2 and O 3 dry deposition over Castilla-León (Spain) ” Air Pollution Research Report 47, Ed. J. Slanina, G. Angeletti and S. Beilke, pp.133–138, (1993).
Gery M.W., Whitten G.Z., Killus J.P. and Dodge M.C. “A photochemical kinetics mechanism for urban and regional scale computer modeling ” Journal of Geophysical Research, 94, D10, 12925–12956, (1989).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1996 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
José, R.S., Marcelo, L.M., Moreno, B., Ramírez-Montesinos, A. (1996). Ozone Modeling Over a Large City by Using a Mesoscale Eulerian Meteorological and Transport Model: Madrid Case Study. In: Gryning, SE., Schiermeier, F.A. (eds) Air Pollution Modeling and Its Application XI. NATO · Challenges of Modern Society, vol 21. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5841-5_25
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5841-5_25
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-7678-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-5841-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive