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Characterization of the Glial Cells in the Teleost Visual Pathway

  • Chapter
Understanding Glial Cells

Abstract

Continual growth and regenerative capacity are characteristics of the Central Nervous System (CNS) of some teleosts, and both particularities are especially notable in the visual system. Within this system, the optic nerve is an ideal structure for the study of the glia of these animals and of their involvement in the processes of development and regeneration. The cyto-architecture of the optic nerve determines a precise temporal and spatial order between the retino-fugal fibres that the neuroglial population establishes and maintains. In the distinct parts of the optic nerve (intraorbital, mediorbital, optic chiasm and anterior optic tract), astrocytes and oligodendrocytes are responsible for the fasciculation and the myelination, adapting their cytological characteristics and their arrangement to the precise necessities of each zone. Throughout the extension of the nerve the continuous integration of new axons also requires a continuous supply of neuroglial cells that myelinate and fasciculate the young fibres. This process is particularly evident in the mediorbital portion where the nerve is structured like a folded ribbon and in which its elements, axons and glia, are ordered from one edge to the other according to degrees of maturity. Thus, while at one edge the axons originate from the oldest portions of the retina and are strongly myelinated by completely mature oligodendrocytes and organised in fascicles by the prolongations of equally mature astrocytes; at the other germinal edge the axons are non-myelinated, the fasciculation is outlined by immature astrocytes and until these reach a certain maturity oligodendrocytes are not identified.

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Authors
  1. Juan M. Lara
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  2. Almudena Velasco
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  3. Concepción Lillo
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  4. David Jimeno
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  5. José Aijón
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Spain

    Bernardo Castellano Ph.D.  & Berta González Ph.D.  & 

  2. Cajal Institute, C.S.I.C., Madrid, Spain

    Manuel Nieto-Sampedro Ph.D.

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Lara, J.M., Velasco, A., Lillo, C., Jimeno, D., Aijón, J. (1998). Characterization of the Glial Cells in the Teleost Visual Pathway. In: Castellano, B., González, B., Nieto-Sampedro, M. (eds) Understanding Glial Cells. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5737-1_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5737-1_1

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