Summary
It has been shown that the release of somatostatin (SRIF) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) were significantly enhanced in the hippocampus during kindling epileptogenesis. To investigate the neuronal populations involved in this effect and the consequences of enhanced extracellular concentrations of neuropeptides on their receptors, we measured SRIF and NPY-immunoreactivity (IR) and their receptor binding sites during and at different times after electrical kindling of the rat dorsal hippocampus using immunocytochemistry and quantitative receptor autoradiography.
In the hilar region, SRIF and NPY-1R were strongly increased in interneurons of the polymorphic cell layer and in their presumed projections to the outer molecular layer of the dentate gyrus at the preconvulsive stage 2 and after three consecutive tonic-clonic seizures (stage 5). NPY-IR was also markedly increased in type 1 and type 2 basket cells located below the granule cell layer at both stages of kindling. NPY-IR was transiently expressed in the granule cells/mossy fibres after stage 2 and two days but not one week after stage 5. Similar effects were observed in the hippocampus ipsi-and contralateral to the electrical stimulation and in its septal and temporal poles. The intensity of these changes was similar two days after stages 2 or 5 of kindling, but the effects were less pronounced one week and one month after complete kindling. After a single afterdischarge (AD), peptide-IR was similar to shams except for a transient increase in NPY in the mossy fibres.
During and after kindling, there was a significant decrease (about 40%) in SRIF receptor binding sites in the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus as determined using SRIF1 receptor-selective and non-selective ligands. No changes were observed in the brain of rats after a single AD. Binding to NPY-Y1 receptors was not significantly modified by kindling, while NPY-Y2, receptor binding rose significantly—by 220%—in the terminal field of mossy fibres. This effect was still observed one month after the last stage 5 seizure.
These results are discussed in relation to the functional consequences of changes in neuropeptide-mediated neurotransmission and their possible involvement in the establishment of a chronic epileptic focus.
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Vezzani, A., Piwko, C., Gobbi, M., Schwarzer, C., Sperk, G., Hoyer, D. (1998). Somatostatin-and Neuropeptide Y-Mediated Neurotransmission in Kindling Epileptogenesis. In: Corcoran, M.E., Moshé, S.L. (eds) Kindling 5. Advances in Behavioral Biology, vol 48. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5375-5_23
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