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Nuclear Magnetic Resonance in Geosciences

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Nuclear Methods in Mineralogy and Geology

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Abstract

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) is the resonance absorption of electromagnetic waves by nuclear spins located in a constant magnetic field. According to the well known “resonance condition” ωo = γo, (6.1) where ωo is the frequency of the applied radiofrequency field, y the gyromagnetic ratio of the resonant nucleus, and B o is the magnitude of the induction at the position of the nucleus in question, NMR enables B o to be determined by detecting the signal and measuring the frequency ωo . The local field can be an “external field” generated by electric current or magnetized bodies, or an “internal field” of hyperfine origin, or both. In measuring the field, NMR serves as a magnetometer and in the second case we know the method as NMR spectroscopy — this being a powerful tool among the spectroscopic methods of materials research. NMR is suitable for identifying and qualifying structural units forming molecules and solids rather than determining their long range structure. The combination of NMR and X-ray diffraction — because the latter is determined by long range ordering and periodicity — provides a more complete description of the structure. Moreover, NMR is able to inform us about the local atomic movements existing in the sample under investigation.

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  1. Research Institute for Solid State Phisics of Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, 1525, P.O.Box 49, Hungary

    K. Tompa

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  1. Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary

    Attila Vértes , Sándor Nagy  & Károly Süvegh ,  & 

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Tompa, K. (1998). Nuclear Magnetic Resonance in Geosciences. In: Vértes, A., Nagy, S., Süvegh, K. (eds) Nuclear Methods in Mineralogy and Geology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5363-2_6

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