Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The Initiation and Function of Th2 Responses during Infection with Schistosoma Mansoni

  • Chapter
Mechanisms of Lymphocyte Activation and Immune Regulation VII

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 452))

Abstract

Schistosomes, like most other parasitic helminths, induce strong type-2 responses in which the Th2-cell defining cytokines (IL-4, -5, -6, -13 and others) are produced by Th cells and additional cell types such as basophils and eosinophils(1)–(3). Since mice are susceptible to infection with Schistosoma mansoni, one of the major schistosome parasites of humans, and develop a disease similar to human schistosomiasis, it has been possible to use this experimental host/parasite system to ask specific questions about the induction and function of the type 2 response during infection.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Pearce, E. J., P. Caspar, J. M. Gryzch, F. A. Lewis, and A. Sher. 1991. Downregulation of Th1 cytokine production accompanies induction of Th2 responses by a helminth, Schistosoma mansoni. Journal of Experimental Medicine. 173:159–165.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Kullberg, M. C., J. A. Berzofsky, D. L. Jankovic, S. Barbieri, M. E. Williams, P. Perlmann, A. Sher, and M. Troye-Blomberg. 1996. T cell-derived IL-3 induces the production of IL-4 by non-B, non-T cells to amplify the Th2-cytokine response to a non-parasite antigen in Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice. The Journal of Immunology. 156:1482–1490.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Sabin, E. A., M. A. Kopf, and E. J. Pearce. 1996. Schistosoma mansoni egg induced early IL-4 production is dependent upon IL-5 and eosinophils. J Exp Med. 184:1871–1878.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Pearce, E. J., and A. Sher. 1987. Mechanisms of immune evasion in schistosomiasis. In Contributions to Microbiology and Immunology; Antigenic variation: molecular and genetic mechanisms of relapsing disease. J. M. Cruse, and R. E. Lewis, editors. Karger, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Bloch, E., M. Abdel-Wahab, and K. Warren. 1972. In vitro microscopic observation of the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of hepatosplenic schistosomiasis in the mouse liver. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 21:546–557.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Mathew, R. C., and D. L. Boros. 1986. Anti-L3T4 antibody treatment suppresses hepatic granuloma formation and abrogates antigen-induced IL-2 production in Schistosoma mansoni infection. Infection and Immunity. 54:820–824.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Hernandez, H. J., Y. Wang, N. Tzellas, and M. J. Stadecker. 1997. Expression of class II, but not class i, makjor histocompatibility complex molecules is required for granuloma formation in infection with Schistosoma mansoni. European Journal of Immunology. 27:1170–1176.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Amiri, P., R. M. Locksley, T. G. Parslow, M. Sadick, E. Rector, D. Ritter, and J. H. McKerrow. 1992. Tumour necrosis factor a restores granulomas and induces parasite egg-laying in schistosome-infected SCID mice. Nature. 356:604–606.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Doenhoff, M. J., R. Musallam, J. Bain, and A. McGregor. 1979. Schistosoma mansoni infection in T-cell deprived mice, and the ameliorating effect of administering homologous chronic infection serum. I. Pathogenesis. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 28:260–273.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Dunne, D. W., F. M. jones, and M. J. Doenhoff. 1991. The purification, characterization, serological activity and hepatotoxic properties of two cationic glycoproteins from Schistosoma mansoni eggs. Parasitology. 103:225–236.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Velia, A. T., and E. J. Pearce. 1992. CD4+ Th2 response induced by Schistosoma mansoni eggs develops rapidly, through an early, transient, Th0-like stage. Journal of Immunology. 148 (7):2283–2290.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Wynn, T. A., I. Eltoum, A. W. Cheever, F. A. Lewis, W. C. Gause, and A. Sher. 1993. Analysis of cytokine mRNA expression during primary granuloma formation induced by eggs of Schistosoma mansoni. J Immunol. 151:1430–40.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Coffman, R. L., and T. von der Weid. 1997. Multiple pathways for the initiation of T helper 2 (Th2) responses. Journal of Experimental Medicine. 185:373–375.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Sabin, E. A., and E. J. Pearce. 1995. Early IL-4 production by non-CD4+ cells at the site of antigen deposition predicts the development of a T helper 2 cell response to Schistosoma mansoni eggs. Journal of Immunology. 155(10):4844–4853.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Rincon, M., J. Anguita, T. Nakamura, E. Fikrig, and R. Flavell. 1997. Interleukin (IL)-6 directs the differentiation of IL-4 producing CD4+ cells. Journal of Experimental Medicine. 185:461–469.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. von der Weid, T., A. M. Beebe, D. C. Roopenian, and R. L. Coffman. 1996. Early production of IL-4 and induction of Th2 responses in the lymph node originate from an MHC class I-independent CD4+NK1.1-T cell population. Journal of Immunology. 157:4421–4427.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Cox, G., and J. Gauldie. 1997. Interleukin-6. In Cytokines in Health and Disease. D. Remick, and J. Friedland, editors. Marceli Dekker, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Wynn, T. A., A. W. Cheever, D. Jankovic, R. W. Poindexter, P. Caspar, F. A. Lewis, and A. Sher. 1995. An IL-12-based vaccination method for preventing fibrosis induced by schistosome infection. Nature. 376:594–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Kaplan, M., J. Whitfield, D. Boros, and M. Grusby. 1998. Th2 cells are required for the Schistosoma mansoni egg-induced granulomatous response. Journal of Immunology. 160:1850–1856.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Rosa Brunet, L. R., F. D. Finkelman, A. W. Cheever, M. A. Kopf, and E. J. Pearce. 1997. IL-4 protects against TNF-alpha-mediated cachexia and death during acute schistosomiasis. Journal of Immunology. 159:777–785.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Cheever, A. W., M. E. Williams, T. A. Wynn, F. D. Finkelman, R. A. Seder, T. M. Cox, S. Hieny, P. Caspar, and A. Sher. 1994. Anti-IL-4 treatment of Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice inhibits development of T cells and non-B, non-T cells expressing Th2 cytokines while decreasing egg-induced hepatic fibrosis. Journal Immunology. 153 (2):753–9.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Metwali, A., D. Elliott, A. M. Blum, J. Li, M. Sandor, R. Lynch, N. Noben-Trauth, and J. V. Weinstock. 1996. The granulomatous response in murine schistosomiasis mansoni does not switch to Th1 in IL-4-defi-cient C57BL/6 mice. Journal of immunology. 157:4546–4553.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Beutler, B., V. Tkacenko, I. Milsark, N. Krochin, and A. Cerami. 1986. Effect of gamma-interferon on cachectin expression by mononuclear phagocytes: reversal of the lps d (endotoxin-resistant) phenotype. Journal of Experimental Medicine. 164:1791–1800.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Lyons, C. R. 1995. The role of nitric oxide in inflammation. Advances in Immunology. 60:323–371.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Bogdan, C., Y. Vodovotz, J. Paik, Q. Xie, and C. Nathan. 1994. Mechanism of suppression of nitric oxide synthase expression by interleukin-4 in primary mouse macrophages. Journal of Leukocyte Biology. 55:227–233.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Bogdan, C., H. Thuring, M. Dlaska, M. Rollinghoff, and G. Weiss. 1997. Mechanism of suppression of macrophage nitric oxide release by IL-13: influence of the macrophage population. Journal of Immunology. 159:4506–4513.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Leist, M., F. Gantner, I. Bohlinger, G. Tiegs, R Germann, and A. Wendel. 1995. Tumor necrosis factor-induced hepatocyte apoptosis precedes liver failure in experimental murine shock models. American Journal of Pathology. 146:1220–1234.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Leist, M., F. Gantner, G. Kunstle, I. Bohlinger, G. Tiegs, H. Bluethmann, and A. Wendel. 1996. The 55-kD tumor necrosis factor receptor and CD95 independently signal murine hepatocyte apoptosis and subsequent liver failure. Molecular Medicine 2:109–124.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Young-Myeong, K., K. Tzeng, and T. Billiar. 1997. Role of NO and nitrogen intermediates in regulation of cell functions. In Nitric Oxide and the Kidney. Physiology and Pathophysiology. M. Gologorsky, and S. Gross, editors. Chapman and Hall, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Bohlinger, I., M. Leist, J. Barsig, S. Uhlig, G. Tiegs, and A. Wendel. 1995. Tolerance against tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF)-induced hepatotoxicity in mice: the role of nitric oxide. Toxicology Letters. 82–83:227.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA

    Edward J. Pearce, Anne La Flamme & Laura Rosa Brunet

  2. Heska Corporation, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80525, USA

    Elizabeth Sabin

Authors
  1. Edward J. Pearce
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Anne La Flamme
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Elizabeth Sabin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Laura Rosa Brunet
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA

    Sudhir Gupta

  2. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

    Alan Sher

  3. Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

    Rafi Ahmed

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1998 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Pearce, E.J., La Flamme, A., Sabin, E., Brunet, L.R. (1998). The Initiation and Function of Th2 Responses during Infection with Schistosoma Mansoni . In: Gupta, S., Sher, A., Ahmed, R. (eds) Mechanisms of Lymphocyte Activation and Immune Regulation VII. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 452. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5355-7_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5355-7_9

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-7443-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-5355-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation