Abstract
Molecular mechanisms regulating virus xenotropism and cross-species transmission are poorly understood. Host range mutants (MHV-H2) of mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) strains were isolated from mixed cultures containing progressively increasing concentrations of nonpermissive Syrian baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells and decreasing concentrations of permissive murine astrocytoma (DBT) cells. MHV-H2 was polytrophic, replicating efficiently in normally nonpermissive BHK cells, Syrian and Chinese hamster (DDT-1 and CHO) cells, human adenocarcinoma (HRT), primate kidney (VERO) and in murine 17C1-1 cell lines. Little if any virus replication was detected in feline kidney (CRFK), and porcine testicular (ST) cell lines. To study the effects of xenotropic spread on virus receptor-interactions in the original host, murine DBT cells were pretreated with a monoclonal antibody (MAb) CC1, directed against the MHV receptor, MHVR, a biliary glycoprotein (Bgp1a). Under treatment conditions that completely ablated the replication of the parental MHV strains, CC1 antireceptor antibodies did not block MHV-H2 replication. Following expression of MHVR in normally nonpermissive ST and CRFK cells, infection with the parental MHV strains, but not MHV-H2 was observed. To characterize the molecular basis preventing the interaction between MHV-H2 and MHVR, revertants of MHV-H2 (MHV-H2R6, MHV-H2R11) were isolated following a persistent MHV-H2 infection in DBT cells. These revertant viruses efficiently recognized MHVR, however infection of murine cells was resistant to MAb CC1 blockade. In addition, MHV-H2 and the revertant viruses efficiently recognized other Bgp receptors for docking and entry.
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Keywords
- Chinese Hamster Ovary
- Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
- Infectious Bronchitis Virus
- Baby Hamster Kidney
- Mouse Hepatitis Virus
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Hensley, L.E., Holmes, K.V., Beauchemin, N., Baric, R.S. (1998). Virus-Receptor Interactions and Interspecies Transfer of a Mouse Hepatitis Virus. In: Enjuanes, L., Siddell, S.G., Spaan, W. (eds) Coronaviruses and Arteriviruses. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 440. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5331-1_5
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