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Active Oxygen in Fungal Pathogenesis of Plants

The Role of Cercosporin in Cercospora Diseases

  • Chapter
Phytochemical Signals and Plant-Microbe Interactions

Part of the book series: Recent Advances in Phytochemistry ((RAPT,volume 32))

Abstract

The term “active oxygen species” generally refers to both radical and non-radical derivatives of oxygen which are highly reactive in biological systems. Ground state molecular oxygen is relatively unreactive in cells due to its “triplet” conformation (the presence of two unpaired electrons of parallel spin). Since most organic molecules in biological systems have paired electrons with opposite spins (“singlet” conformation), reactions of ground state oxygen with other compounds are generally spin-restricted, and often occur one electron at a time. Thus, metabolic reactions involving oxygen often result in the production of radical or reduced intermediates,1 including Superoxide (O ·−2 ), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and the hydroxyl radical (OH·). Another activated oxygen species, singlet oxygen (1O2), is not a free radical, but the lack of any spin restriction makes it highly reactive with biological molecules. Although toxic to cells, all of these forms of oxygen occur in biological systems and have increasingly been shown to play important roles in normal cellular processes, including normal metabolic and biosynthetic reactions, signaling, and cell defense.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-7616, USA

    Margaret E. Daub, Marilyn Ehrenshaft, Anne E. Jenns & Kuang-Ren Chung

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  1. University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA

    John T. Romeo

  2. Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA

    Kelsey R. Downum

  3. Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands

    Rob Verpoorte

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© 1998 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Daub, M.E., Ehrenshaft, M., Jenns, A.E., Chung, KR. (1998). Active Oxygen in Fungal Pathogenesis of Plants. In: Romeo, J.T., Downum, K.R., Verpoorte, R. (eds) Phytochemical Signals and Plant-Microbe Interactions. Recent Advances in Phytochemistry, vol 32. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5329-8_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5329-8_3

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