Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), a gaseous free-radical molecule, is known to have a wide variety of important regulatory functions in the cardiovascular, central nervous, and immune systems (Moncada et al., 1991; Garthwaite, 1991; Langrehr et al., 1993). NO has been implicated in playing a role in the pathogenesis of cellular injury in a number of disease processes (Beckman et al, 1990; Beckman, 1991; Dawson et al., 1993; Dawson & Dawson, 1994). Recently, we have shown with EPR measurement of NO formation that rat hearts subjected to global ischemia generate NO and that this NO formation increases with increased duration of ischemia (15). A significant portion of this NO was not blocked by NOS inhibitors suggesting that there might be an enzyme-independent pathway for the generation of NO in these hearts. Subsequently, we have shown that the enzyme-independent pathway for the NO generation involves direct reduction of nitrite under the acidic and reducing conditions that occur during myocardial ischemia (Zweier et al., 1995a). This nitrite-mediated NO generation was not blocked by NOS inhibitors, and with long periods of ischemia leading to necrosis, this mechanism was found to be the predominant source of NO generation and an important source of myocardial injury with a loss of contractile function (Zweier et al., 1995). Thus, the enzyme-independent mechanism of NO generation is important in the pathogenesis and treatment of tissue injury.
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Kuppusamy, P., Ohnishi, S.T., Zweier, J.L. (1998). Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging of Nitric Oxide in Tissues. In: Lukiewicz, S., Zweier, J.L. (eds) Nitric Oxide in Transplant Rejection and Anti-Tumor Defense. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5081-5_7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5081-5_7
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