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Bioactive Lipids and Gene Expression in Neuronal Plasticity

  • Chapter
Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Neuronal Plasticity

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 446))

Abstract

Excitable membranes are a reservoir of bioactive lipids that are contained as part of the structure of phospholipids. Signals such as those elicited by receptor occupancy trigger, via the activation of phospholipases, the release of phospholipid moieties. These enzymes are under control of receptors, calcium ions, protein kinase/phosphatase cascades, and of other signaling mechanisms which still need to be better characterized. The best defined regulatory events of these enzymes are those controlled by the seven transmembrane domain superfamily of receptors that, through G proteins, activate phospholipase C (PLC). This enzyme predominantly hydrolyzes phosphatidylinositol 4′, 5′bisphosphate (PIP2), resulting in the production of the second messengers, diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3). These two messengers of inositol lipids represent a bifurcating, informational system inside the cell. The synaptic inositol lipid signaling system is activated by neurotransmitters, growth factors and drugs. IP3 promotes intracellular Ca2+ mobilization by binding to a specific receptor in the endoplasmic reticulum, which in turn enhances calcium-dependent cellular processes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Medical Center School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, 70112-2272, USA

    Nicolas G. Bazan

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  1. Nicolas G. Bazan
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. The College of Staten Island of The City University of New York, USA

    Yigal H. Ehrlich

  2. The CSI/IBR Center for Developmental Neuroscience Staten Island, New York, USA

    Yigal H. Ehrlich

  3. The City University Graduate School, New York, New York, USA

    Yigal H. Ehrlich

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Bazan, N.G. (1998). Bioactive Lipids and Gene Expression in Neuronal Plasticity. In: Ehrlich, Y.H. (eds) Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Neuronal Plasticity. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 446. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4869-0_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4869-0_3

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