Skip to main content

Lymphocyte Fractionation in a Magnetic Flow Cell Sorter

  • Chapter
Molecular Biology of Hematopoiesis 6

Abstract

We have developed a novel cell sorter, the dipole magnet flow sorter (DMFS) which separates cells into multiple fractions according to theirsurface marker expression, as determined by flow cytometry. A narrow stream of cells is introduced into a sheath of carrier fluid in a rectangular channel while subjected to a perpendicular magnetic force. The special design of the pole pieces ensures a constant magnetic force acting on the cells in the separation area. Cells are spread across the flow in relation to their magnetophoretic mobilities. Separation is achieved by control of the positions of the stream boundaries dividing outlet fractions. CD8 T-lymphocytes labeled with primary antibody-FITC conjugate and anti-FITC-magnetic colloid is the chosen cell system. Flow cytometry analysis shows that a four-fold increase in total marker number per cell is observed over the range of recovered fractions. We believe that this type of separation is applicable to any cells in suspension for which a suitable antibody exists, and — due to the comparatively gentle nature of the process—is particularly suitable for the sorting of fragile cells.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Ugelstad J, Stenstad P, Kilaas L, Prestvik WS, Herje R, Berge A, Hornes E: Monodisperse magnetic polymer particles. Blood Purif. 11: 347, 1993.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Radbruch A, Mechtold B, Thiel A, Miltenyi S, Pfluger E: High-gradient magnetic cell sorting. Methods in Cell Biology 42: 387, 1994.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. DePalma A: Developments in biomagnetic separations focus on new affinity mechanisms. Genetic Engineering News July: 11, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Miltenyi S, Müller W, Weichel W, Radbruch A: High gradient magnetic cell separation with MACS. Cytometry 11: 231, 1990.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Zborowski M, Fuh CB, Green R, Sun L, Chalmers JJ: Analytical magnetapheresis of ferritin-labeled lymphocytes. Anal. Chem. 67: 3702, 1995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Thomas TE, Lansdorp PM: Selective separation of cells using magnetic colloids. Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Bone Marrow Purging and Processing. New York, 1994, p 65.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Liberti PA, Feeley BP: Analytical-and process-scale cell separation with bioreceptor ferrofluids and high gradient magnetic separation, in Compala DS, Todd P (eds): Cell Separation Science and Technology, vol. 464. Washington, ACS Symposium Series, 1991, p 268.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Chalmers JJ, Zborowski M, Moore L, Mandai S, Fang B, Sun L: Theoretical analysis of cell separation based on cell surface marker density. Biotechnol Bioeng 58:(in print), 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Thomas TE, Abraham SJR, Otter AJ, Blackmore EW, Lansdorp PM: High gradient magnetic separation of cells on the basis of expression levels of cell surface antigens. J. Immunol. Meth. 154: 245, 1992.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Barclay AN, Birkeland ML, Brown MH, Beyers AD, Davis SJ, Somoza C, Williams AF: The Leukocyte Antigen FactsBook. London, Academic Press, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Bean CP, Livingstone JD: Superparamagnetism. J. App. Phys. 30.120S, 1959.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Zborowski M: Physics of the magnetic cell sorting, in Häfeli U, Schütt W, Teller J, Zborowski M (eds): Scientific and Clinical Applications of Magnetic Microcarriers: An Overview. New York, Plenum Press, 1997, p 205.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Chikazumi S, Charap SH: Physics of Magnetism. Malabar, Florida, Robert E. Krieger Publishing Co., 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Gill SJ, Malone CP, Downing M: Magnetic susceptibility measurements of single small particles. The Review of Scientific Instruments 31: 1299, 1960.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Reddy S, Moore LR, Sun L, Zborowski M, Chalmers JJ: Determination of the magnetic susceptibility of labeled particles by video imaging. Chemical Engineering Science 51: 947, 1996.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Zborowski M, Moore LR, Reddy S, Chen G-H, Sun L, Chalmers JJ: Magnetic flow sorting using a model system of human lymphocytes and a colloidal magnetic label. ASAIO Journal 42:M666, 1996.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Zborowski M, Moore LR, Sun L, Chalmers JJ: Continuous-flow magnetic cell sorting using soluble immunomagnetic label, in Häfeli U, Schütt W, Teller J, Zborowski M (eds): Scientific and Clinical Applications of Magnetic Microcarriers: An Overview. New York, Plenum Press, 1997, p 247.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Moore LR, Zborowski M, Sun L, Chalmers, JJ: Lymphocyte fractionation using immunomagnetic colloid and a dipole magnet flow cell sorter. Journal of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods: in press, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Schramm LL, Clark BW: On the measurement of magnetophoretic mobilities. Colloids and Surfaces 7: 135, 1983.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Terry LA, DiSanto JP, Small TN, Flomenberg N: Differential expression and regulation of the human CD8-alpha and CD8-beta chains. Tissue Antigens 35: 82, 1990.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Moebius U, Kober G, Girscelli AL, Hercend T, Meuer SC: Expression of different CD8 isoforms on distinct lymphocyte subpopulations. Eur. J. Immunol. 21: 1793, 1991.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Vanderhoff JW, Micale FJ, Krumrine PH: Continuous flow electrophoresis, in Righetti PG, van Oss CJ, Vanderhoff JW (eds): Electrokinetic Separation Methods. New York, Elsevier/North Holland Biomedical Press, 1979, p 121.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Takayasu M, Kelland DR: Selective continuous magnetic separation of two-component particulate suspensions. IEEE Trans. MAG-22: 1125, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Hartig R, Hausmann M, Schmitt J, Herrmann DBJ, Riedmiller M, Cremer C: Preparative continuous separation of biological particles by means of free-flow magnetophoresis in a free-flow electrophoresis chamber. Electrophoresis 13: 674, 1992.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Hartig R, Hausmann M, Cremer C: Continuous focusing of biological particles by continuous immuno magnetic sorter: Technique and applications. Electrophoresis 16: 789, 1995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Shapiro HM: Flow sorting, in Shapiro HM (ed): Practical Cytometry. New York, Wiley-Liss, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Poncelet P, Carayon P: Cytofluorometric quantification of cell-surface antigens by indirect immunofluorescence using monoclonal antibodies. J. Immunol. Meth. 85: 65, 1985.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Dawson CD, Scheppler JA, Nicholson JKA, Holman RC: Enumeration of antigen sites on cells by flow cytometry. Pathobiology 59: 57, 1991.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1999 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Moore, L.R., Zborowski, M., Sun, L., Chalmers, J.J. (1999). Lymphocyte Fractionation in a Magnetic Flow Cell Sorter. In: Abraham, N.G., Tabilio, A., Martelli, M., Asano, S., Donfrancesco, A. (eds) Molecular Biology of Hematopoiesis 6. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4797-6_28

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4797-6_28

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-7173-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-4797-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics