Abstract
Two kinetically different pathways that generate prostaglandin (PG) from endogenous arachidonic acid, the immediate and delayed phases, imply the recruitment of different sets of biosynthetic enzymes, the expression and activation of which are tightly regulated by distinct transmembrane signalings. The immediate phase of PG biosynthesis occurs within several minutes of stimulation, is elicited by agonists that mobilize intracellular Ca2+ and is characterized by a burst release of arachidonic acid (AA) initiated by Ca2+-dependent phospholipase A2 (PLA2) which is subsequently converted to bioactive PGs by the sequential actions of cyclooxygenase (COX) and terminal PG synthases. The delayed phase of PG biosynthesis is accompanied by the continuous supply of AA and its conversion to PGs, often PGE2, over long culture periods following growth or pro-inflammatory stimuli. Here we report the molecular identification of the PLA2 and COX isozymes involved in the PG biosynthetic pathway in rat fibroblasts and hepatocytes and provide evidence that type HA secretory PLA2 (sPLA2-IIA) plays an augmentative role in prolonged PG production following proinflammatory stimuli.
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Kuwata, H., Sawada, H., Murakami, M., Kudo, I. (1999). Role of Type IIA Secretory Phospholipase A2 in Arachidonic Acid Metabolism. In: Honn, K.V., Marnett, L.J., Nigam, S., Dennis, E.A. (eds) Eicosanoids and Other Bioactive Lipids in Cancer, Inflammation, and Radiation Injury, 4. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 469. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4793-8_28
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4793-8_28
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