Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Handbook of Psychotherapies with Children and Families pp 153–180Cite as

Parent Training

  • Chapter

Part of the book series: Issues in Clinical Child Psychology ((ICCP))

Abstract

Parent training (PT) can be defined as an approach to treating child behavior problems by using

procedures in which parents are trained to alter their child’s behavior in the home. The parents meet with a therapist or trainer who teaches them to use specific procedures to alter interactions with their child, to promote prosocial behavior, and to decrease deviant behavior. (Kazdin, 1995b, p. 82)

PT has received substantial attention during the past 30 years, and has been applied to a broad array of child problems (see volumes by Briesmeister & Schaefer, 1998, and Dangel & Polster, 1984). These include attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, anxiety disorders, enuresis, sleep problems, feeding difficulties, and as an intervention for child-abusing and neglectful parents. PT has also been employed with mentally handicapped and/or autistic children and their families. However, PT has been primarily employed in the treatment of preadolescent (i.e., preschool- to school-age) children who exhibit overt conduct-problem (CP) behaviors such as temper tantrums, aggression, and excessive noncompliance, and it is in this area that PT has the greatest empirical support. In recent reviews of various treatment approaches for child CP, PT has consistently emerged as the most successful intervention to date with these youngsters (e.g., Kazdin, 1995b; McMahon & Wells, 1998). This chapter will focus on PT interventions for preadolescent children who engage in excessive levels of overt CP. These children typically meet DSM-IV (American Psychiatric Association, 1994) criteria for Oppositional Defiant Disorder or Conduct Disorder.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Abidin, R. R. (1995). Parenting Stress Index—professional manual (3rd ed.). Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.

    Google Scholar 

  • Abidin, R. R., & Brunner, J. F. (1995). Development of a parenting alliance inventory. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 24, 31–40.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Achenbach, T. M. (1991). Manual for the Child Behavior Checklist/4-18 and 1991 Profile. Burlington: University of Vermont Department of Psychiatry.

    Google Scholar 

  • American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • Arnold, D. S., O’Leary, S. G., Wolff, L. S., & Acker, M. M. (1993). The Parenting Scale: A measure of dysfunctional parenting in discipline situations. Psychological Assessment, 5, 137–144.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arnold, J. E., Levine, A. G., & Patterson, G. R. (1975). Changes in sibling behavior following family intervention. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 43, 683–688.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Baden, A. D., & Howe, G. W. (1992). Mothers’ attributions and expectancies regarding their conductdisordered children. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 20, 467–485.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Baum, C. G., & Forehand, R. (1981). Long-term follow-up assessment of parent training by use of multiple-outcome measures. Behavior Therapy, 12, 643–652.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baum, C. G., Reyna McGlone, C. L., & Ollendick, T. H. (1986, November). The efficacy of behavioral parent training: Behavioral parent training plus clinical self-control training, and a modified STEP program with children referred for noncompliance. Paper presented at the meeting of the Association for Advancement of Behavior Therapy, Chicago.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beck, A. T., Rush, A. J., Shaw, B. F., & Emery, G, (1979). Cognitive therapy of depression. New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berkowitz, B. P., & Graziano, A. M. (1972). Training parents as behavior therapists: A review. Behaviour Besearch and Therapy, 10, 297–317.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bernal, M. E., Klinnert, M. D., & Schultz, L. A. (1980). Outcome evaluation of behavioral parent training and client-centered parent counseling for children with conduct problems. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 13, 677–691.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Breiner, J. L., & Forehand, R. (1981). An assessment of the effects of parent training on clinic-referred children’s school behavior. Behavioral Assessment, 3, 31–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Briesmeister, J. M., & Schaefer, C. E. (Eds.). (1998). Handbook of parent training: Parents as co-therapists for children’s behavior problems (2nd ed.). New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Budd, K. S., & O’Brien, T. P. (1982). Father involvement in behavioral parent training: An area in need of research. The Behavior Therapist, 5, 85–89.

    Google Scholar 

  • Campis, L. K., Lyman, R. D., & Prentice-Dunn, S. (1986). The Parental Locus of Control Scale: Development and validation. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 15, 260–267.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chamberlain, P., & Patterson, G. R. (1995). Discipline and child compliance in parenting. In M. H. Bornstein (Ed.), Handbook of parenting: Vol. 4. Applied and practical parenting (pp. 205–225). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chamberlain, P., Patterson, G., Reid, J., Kavanagh, K., & Forgatch, M. (1984). Observation of client resistance. Behavior Therapy, 15, 144–155.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chamberlain, P., & Reid, J. B. (1987). Parent observation and report of child symptoms. Behavioral Assessment, 9, 97–109.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chamberlain, P., Reid, J. B., Ray, J., Capaldi, D. M., & Fisher, P. (1997). Parent inadequate discipline. In T. A. Widiger, A. J. Frances, H. A. Pincus, R. Ross, M. B. First, & W. Davis (Eds.), DSM-IV source-book (Vol. 3, pp. 569–629). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chambless, D. L., Baker, M. J., Baucom, D. H., Beutler, L. E., Calhoun, K. S., Crits-Christoph, P., Daiuto, A., DeRubeis, R., Detweiler, J., Haaga, D. A. F., Johnson, S. B., McCurry, S., Mueser, K. T., Pope, K. S., Sanderson, W. C., Shoham, V., Stickle, T., Williams, D. A., & Woody, S. R. (1998). Update on empirically validated therapies, II. The Clinical Psychologist, 51, 3–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Conduct Problems Prevention Research Group. (1992). A developmental and clinical model for the prevention of conduct disorders: The FAST Track program. Development and Psychopathology, 4, 509–527.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Conduct Problems Prevention Research Group. (1997, August). Testing developmental theory of antisocial behavior with outcomes from the Fast Track prevention project. In G. R. Patterson (Chair), Randomized prevention trials as a basis for testing developmental theory. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, Chicago.

    Google Scholar 

  • Connell, S., Sanders, M. R., & Markie-Dadds, C. (1997). Self-directed behavioral family intervention for parents of oppositional children in rural and remote areas. Behavior Modification, 21, 379–408.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Coplin, J. W., & Houts, A. C. (1991). Father involvement in parent training for oppositional child behavior: Progress or stagnation? Child & Family Behavior Therapy, 13, 29–

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Crnic, K. A., & Greenberg, M. T. (1990). Minor parenting stresses with young children. Child Development, 61, 1628–1637.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cross Calvert, S., & McMahon, R. J. (1987). The treatment acceptability of a behavioral parent training program and its components. Behavior Therapy, 18, 165–179.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cummings, E. M., & Davies, P. (1994). Children and marital conflict: The impact of family dispute resolution. New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cunningham, C. E., Bremner, R., & Boyle, M. (1995). Large group community-based parenting programs for families of preschoolers at risk for Disruptive Behaviour Disorders: Utilization, cost-effectiveness, and outcome. Journal of Child Psychiatry and Psychology, 36, 1141–1149.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dadds, M. R., & McHugh, T. A. (1992). Social support and treatment outcome in behavioral family therapy for child conduct problems. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 60, 252–259.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dadds, M. R., Schwartz, S., & Sanders, M. R. (1987). Marital discord and treatment outcome in behavioral treatment of child conduct disorders. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 55, 396–403.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dangel, R. F., & Polster, R. A. (Eds.). (1984). Parent training: Foundations of research and practice. New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dishion, T. J., & Patterson, G. R. (1992). Age effects in parent training outcome. Behavior Therapy 23, 719–729.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dumas, J. E. (1984a). Child, adult-interactional, and socioeconomic setting events as predictors of parent training outcome. Education and Treatment of Children, 7, 351–364.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dumas, J. E. (1984b). Interactional correlates of treatment outcome in behavioral parent training. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 52, 946–954.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dumas, J. E. (1989). Treating antisocial behavior in children: Child and family approaches. Clinical Psychology Review, 9, 197–222.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dumas, J. E. (1996). Why was this child referred? Interactional correlates of referral status in families of children with disruptive behavior problems. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 25, 106–115.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dumas, J. E., & Albin, J. B. (1986). Parent training outcome: Does active parental involvement matter? Behaviour Research and Therapy, 24, 227–2

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dumas, J. E., & Serketich, W. J. (1994). Maternal depressive symptomatology and child maladjustment: A comparison of three process models. Behavior Therapy, 25, 161–181.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dumas, J. E., & Wahler, R. G. (1983). Predictors of treatment outcome in parent training: Mother insularity and socioeconomic disadvantage. Behavioral Assessment, 5, 301–313.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dumas, J. E., & Wahler, R. G. (1985). Indiscriminate mothering as a contextual factor in aggressive-oppositional child behavior: “Damned if you do and damned if you don’t.” Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 13, 1–17.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Edelbrock, C. (1985). Conduct problems in childhood and adolescence: Developmental patterns and progressions. Unpublished manuscript.

    Google Scholar 

  • Emhry, L. H. (1984). What to do? Matching client characteristics and intervention techniques through a prescriptive taxonomic key. In R. F. Dangel & R. A. Polster (Eds.), Parent training: Foundations of research and practice (pp. 443–473). New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eyberg, S. (1992). Parent and teacher behavior inventories for the assessment of conduct problem behaviors in children. In L. VandeCreek, S. Knapp, & T. L. Jackson (Eds.), Innovations in clinical practice: A source book (Vol. 11, pp. 261–270). Sarasota, FL: Professional Resource Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eyberg, S., Bessmer, J., Newcomb, K., Edwards, D., & Robinson, E. (1994). Dyadic Parent-Child Interaction Coding System II: A manual. Unpublished manuscript, University of Florida, Gainesville.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fleischman, M. J. (1981). A replication of Patterson’s “Intervention for boys with conduct problems.” Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 49, 342–351.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Forehand, R., & Atkeson, B. M. (1977). Generality of treatment effects with parents as therapists: A review of assessment and implementation procedures. Behavior Therapy, 8, 575–593.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Forehand, R., Griest, D. L., Wells, K. C., & McMahon, R. J. (1982). Side effects of parent counseling on marital satisfaction. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 29, 104–107.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Forehand, R., & Kotchick, B. A. (1996). Cultural diversity: A wake-up call for parent training. Behavior Therapy, 27, 187–206.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Forehand, R., & Long, N. (1988). Outpatient treatment of the acting out child: Procedures, long term follow-up data, and clinical problems. Advances in Behaviour Research and Therapy, 10, 129–177.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Forehand, R., & McMahon, R. J. (1981). Helping the noncompliant child: A clinician’s guide to parent training. New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Forehand, R., Sturgis, E. T., McMahon, R. J., Aguar, D., Green, K., Wells, K., & Breiner, J. (1979). Parent behavioral training to modify child noncompliance: Treatment generalization across time and from home to school. Behavior Modification, 3, 3–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Forehand, R., Wells, K. C., & Griest, D. L. (1980). An examination of the social validity of a parent training program. Behavior Therapy, 11, 488–502.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Forgatch, M. S., Patterson, G. R., & Skinner, M. L. (1988). A mediational model for the effect of divorce on antisocial behavior in boys. In E. M. Hetherington & J. D. Arasteh (Eds.), Impact of divorce, single parenting, and stepparenting on children (pp. 135–154). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frick, P. J. (1991). The Alabama Parenting Questionnaire. Unpublished rating scale. University of Alabama.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frick, P. J., & Loney, B. R. (in press). Understanding the association between parent and child antisocial behavior. In R. J. McMahon & R. DeV. Peters (Eds.), The effects of parental disorders on children.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenwood, P. W., Model, K. E., Rydell, C. P., & Chiesa, J. (1996). Diverting children from a life of crime: Measuring costs and benefits. Santa Monica, CA: RAND.

    Google Scholar 

  • Griest, D. L., Forehand, R., Rogers, T., Breiner, J. L., Furey, W., & Williams, C. A. (1982). Effects of parent enhancement therapy on the treatment outcome and generalization of a parent training program. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 20, 429–436.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Griest, D. L., & Wells, K. C. (1983). Behavioral family therapy with conduct disorders in children. Behavior Therapy, 14, 37–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hanf, C. (1969). A two-stage program for modifying maternal controlling during mother-child (M-C) interaction. Paper presented at the meeting of the Western Psychological Association, Vancouver, BC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holden, G. W., Lavigne, V. V., & Cameron, A. M. (1990). Probing the continuum of effectiveness in parent training: Characteristics of parents and preschoolers. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 19, 2–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Humphreys, L., Forehand, R., McMahon, R., & Roberts, M. (1978). Parent behavioral training to modify child noncompliance: Effects on untreated siblings. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 9, 235–238.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jacob, T., Krahn, G. L., & Leonard, K. (1991). Parent-child interactions in families with alcoholic fathers. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 59, 176–181.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, S. M., Bolstad, O. D., & Lobitz, G. K. (1976). Generalization and contrast phenomena in behavior modification with children. In L. A. Hamerlynck, L. C. Handy, & E. J. Mash (Eds.), Behavior modification and families (pp. 160–188). New York: Brunner/Mazel.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnston, C. (1996). Addressing parent cognitions in interventions with families of disruptive children. In K. S. Dobson & K. D. Craig (Eds.), Advances in cognitive-behavioral therapy (pp. 193–209). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnston, C., & Mash, E. J. (1989). A measure of parenting satisfaction and efficacy. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 18, 167–175.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jouriles, E. N., Murphy, C. M., Farris, A. M., Smith, D. A., Richters, J. E., & Waters, E. (1991). Marital adjustment, parental disagreements about child rearing, and behavior problems in boys: Increasing the specificity of the marital assessment. Child Development, 62, 1424–1433.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kazdin, A. E. (1977). Assessing the clinical or applied importance of behavior change through social validation. Behavior Modification, 1, 427–452.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kazdin, A. E. (1985). Treatment of antisocial behavior in children and adolescents. Homewood, IL: Dorsey Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kazdin, A. E. (1990). Premature termination from treatment among children referred for antisocial behavior. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 31, 415–425.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kazdin, A. E. (1995a). Child, parent and family dysfunction as predictors of outcome in cognitive-behavioral treatment of antisocial children. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33, 271–281.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kazdin, A. E. (1995b). Conduct disorders in childhood and adolescence (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kazdin, A. E., Holland, L., & Crowley, M. (1997). Family experience of barriers to treatment and premature termination from child therapy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65, 453–463.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kazdin, A. E., Mazurick, J. L., & Bass, D. (1993). Risk for attrition in treatment of antisocial children and families. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 22, 2–16.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kazdin, A. E., Siegel, T. C., & Bass, D. (1992). Cognitive problem-solving skills training and parent management training in the treatment of antisocial behavior in children. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 60, 733–747.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kratzer, L., & Hodgins, S. (1997). Adult outcomes of child conduct problems: A cohort study. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 25, 65–81.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Locke, H. J., & Wallace, K. M. (1959). Short marital adjustment and prediction tests: Their reliability and validity. Marriage and Family Living, 21, 251–255.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Long, P., Forehand, R., Wierson, M., & Morgan, A. (1994). Does parent training with young noncompliant children have long-term effects? Behaviour Research and Therapy, 32, 101–1

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McMahon, R. J. (1987). Some current issues in the behavioral assessment of conduct disordered children and their families. Behavioral Assessment, 9, 235–252.

    Google Scholar 

  • McMahon, R. J. (1991). Parent Management Training. In V. E. Caballo (Ed.), Manual de tecnicas de terapia y modificacion de conducta (Handbook of behavior therapy methods and techniques) (pp. 445–471). Madrid: Sigio XXI de Espana Editores, S.A.

    Google Scholar 

  • McMahon, R. J., & Estes, A. M. (1997). Conduct problems. In E. J. Mash & L. G. Terdal (Eds.), Assessment of childhood disorders (3rd ed., pp. 130–193). New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • McMahon, R. J., & Forehand, R. (1983). Consumer satisfaction in behavioral treatment of children: Types, issues, and recommendations. Behavior Therapy, 14, 209–225.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McMahon, R. J., Forehand, R., & Griest, D. L. (1981). Effects of knowledge of social learning principles on enhancing treatment outcome and generalization in a parent training program. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 49, 526–532.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McMahon, R. J., Forehand, R., Griest, D. L., & Wells, K. C. (1981). Who drops out of treatment during parent behavioral training? Behavioral Counseling Quarterly, 1, 79–

    Google Scholar 

  • McMahon, R. J., Forehand, R., & Tiedemann, G. L. (1985, November). Relative effectiveness of a parent training program with children of different ages. Paper presented at the meeting of the Association for Advancement of Behavior Therapy, Houston.

    Google Scholar 

  • McMahon, R. J., Tiedemann, G. L., Forehand, R., & Griest, D. L. (1984). Parental satisfaction with parent training to modify child noncompliance. Behavior Therapy, 15, 295–303.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McMahon, R. J., & Wells, K. C. (1998). Conduct problems. In E. J. Mash & R. A Barkley (Eds.), Treatment of childhood disorders (pp. 111–207). New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • McNeil, C. B., Eyberg, S., Eisenstadt, T. H., Newcomb, K., & Funderburk, B. (1991). Parent-child interaction therapy with behavior problem children: Generalization of treatment effects to the school setting. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 20, 140–151.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, G. E., & Prinz, R. J. (1990). Enhancement of social learning family interventions for childhood Conduct Disorder. Psychological Bulletin, 108, 291–307.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Moffitt, T. E. (1993). “Adolescence-limited” and “life-course-persistent” antisocial behavior: A developmental taxonomy. Psychological Review, 100, 674–701.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • O’Dell, S. L. (1974). Training parents in behavior modification: A review. Psychological Bulletin, 81, 418–433.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • O’Dell, S. L. (1985). Progress in parent training. In M. Hersen, R. M. Eisler, & P. M. Miller (Eds.), Progress in behavior modification (Vol. 9, pp. 57–108). New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. (1996, October). Second National Training Conference on Strengthening America’s Families, Snowbird, UT.

    Google Scholar 

  • Patterson, G. R. (1974). Interventions for boys with conduct problems: Multiple settings, treatments, and criteria. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 42, 471–481.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Patterson, G. R. (1975). Families: Applications of social learning to family life (rev. ed.). Champaign, IL: Research Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Patterson, G. R. (1976). Living with children: New methods for parents and teachers (rev. ed.). Champaign, IL: Research Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Patterson, G. R. (1982). Coercive family process. Eugene, OR: Castalia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Patterson, G. R. (1983). Stress: A change agent for family process. In N. Garmezy & M. Rutter (Eds.), Stress, coping and development in children (pp. 235–264). New York: McGraw-Hill.

    Google Scholar 

  • Patterson, G. R., & Bank, L. (1986). Bootstrapping your way in the nomological thicket. Behavioral Assessment, 8, 49–73.

    Google Scholar 

  • Patterson, G. R., Capaldi, D., & Bank, L. (1991). An early starter model for predicting delinquency. In D. J. Pepler & K. H. Rubin (Eds.), The development and treatment of childhood aggression (pp. 139–168). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Patterson, G. R., & Chamberlain. P. (1988). Treatment process: A problem at three levels. In L. C. Wynne (Ed.), The state of the art in family therapy research: Controversies and recommendations (pp. 189–223). New York: Family Process Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Patterson, G. R.. & Chamberlain, P. (1994). A functional analysis of resistance during parent training therapy. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 1, 53–70.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Patterson, G. R., Chamberlain, P., & Reid, J. B. (1982). A comparative evaluation of a parent training program. Behavior Therapy, 13, 638–650.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Patterson, G. R., & Fleischman, M. J. (1979). Maintenance of treatment effects: Some considerations concerning family systems and follow-up data. Behavior Therapy, 10, 168–185.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Patterson, G. R., & Forgatch, M. S. (1985). Therapist behavior as a determinant for client noncompliance: A paradox for the behavior modifier. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 53, 846–851.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Patterson, G. R., & Forgatch, M. S. (1995). Predicting future clinical adjustment from treatment outcome and process variables. Psychological Assessment, 7, 275–285.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Patterson, G. R., & Reid, J. B. (1973). Intervention for families of aggressive boys: A replication study. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 11, 383–394.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Patterson, G. R., Reid, J. B., & Dishion, T. J. (1992). Antisocial boys. Eugene, OR: Castalia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Patterson, G. R., Reid, J. B., Jones, R. R., & Conger, R. E. (1975). A social learning approach to family intervention: Vol. 1. Families with aggressive children. Eugene, OR: Castalia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peed, S., Roberts, M., & Forehand, R. (1977). Evaluation of the effectiveness of a standardized parent training program in altering the interaction of mothers and their noncompliant children. Behavior Modification, 1, 323–350.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pelham, W. E., & Lang, A. R. (1993). Parental alcohol consumption and deviant child behavior: Laboratory studies of reciprocal effects. Clinical Psychology Review, 13, 763–784.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Porter, B., & O’Leary, K. D. (1980). Marital discord and childhood behavior problems. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 8, 287–295.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Powers, S. W., & Roberts, M. W. (1995). Simulation training with parents of oppositional children: Preliminary findings. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 24, 89–97.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prinz, R. J., & Miller, G. E. (1991). Issues in understanding and treating childhood conduct problems in disadvantaged populations. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 20, 379–385.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prinz, R. J., & Miller, G. E. (1994). Family-based treatment for childhood antisocial behavior: Experimental influences on dropout and engagement. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 62, 645–650.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Prinz, R. J., & Miller, G. E. (1996). Parental engagement in interventions for children at risk for conduct disorder. In R. D. Peters & R. J. McMahon (Eds.), Preventing childhood disorders, substance abuse, and delinquency (pp. 161–183). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reid, J. B. (1993). Prevention of conduct disorder before and after school entry: Relating interventions to developmental findings. Development and Psychopathology, 5, 243–262.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reid, J. B., Eddy, J. M., Bank, L., & Fetrow, R. (November 1994). Some preliminary findings from a universal prevention program for Conduct Disorder. Paper presented at the 4th National Institute of Mental Health Conference on Prevention Research, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roberts, M. W., Joe, V. C, & Rowe-Hallbert, A. (1992). Oppositional child behavior and parental locus of control. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 21, 170–177.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rogers, T. R., Forehand, R., Griest, D. L., Wells, K. C., & McMahon, R. J. (1981). Socioeconomic status: Effects on parent and child behaviors and treatment outcome of parent training. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 10, 98–101.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Routh, C. P., Hill, J. W., Steele, H., Elliott, C. E., & Dewey, M. E. (1995). Maternal attachment status, psychosocial Stressors and problem behaviour: Follow-up after parent training courses for Conduct Disorder. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 36, 1179–1198.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rusby, J. C., Estes, A., & Dishion, T. (1991). The Interpersonal Process Code (IPC). Unpublished manuscript, Oregon Social Learning Center, Eugene.

    Google Scholar 

  • Russo, D. C., Cataldo, M. F., & Cushing, P. J. (1981). Compliance training and behavioral covariation in the treatment of multiple behavior problems. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 14, 209–222.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rutter, M. (1994). Family discord and Conduct Disorder: Cause, consequence, or correlate? Journal of Family Psychology, 18, 170–1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sanders, M. R. (1996). New directions in behavioral family intervention with children. In T. H. Ollendick & R. J. Prinz (Eds.), Advances in clinical child psychology (Vol. 18, pp. 283–331). New York: Plenum Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Sanders, M. R., & Dadds, M. R. (1982). The effects of planned activities and child management procedures in parent training: An analysis of setting generality. Behavior Therapy, 13, 452–461.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sanders, M. R., & Dadds, M. R. (1992). Children’s and parents’ cognitions about family interaction: An evaluation of video-mediated recall and thought listing procedures in the assessment of conduct-disordered children. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 21, 371–379.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sanders, M. R., & Dadds, M. R. (1993). Behavioral family intervention. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sanders, M. R., & Glynn, T. (1981). Training parents in behavioral self management: An analysis of generalization and maintenance. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 14, 223–237.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sanders, M. R., & Lawton, J. M. (1993). Discussing assessment findings with families: A guided participation model of information transfer. Child && Family Behavior Therapy, 15, 5–35.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sanders, M. R., & Markie-Dadds, C. (1996). Triple P: A multilevel family intervention program for children with disruptive behaviour disorders. In P. Cotton & H. Jackson (Eds.), Early intervention and preventive mental health applications of clinical psychology (pp. 59–85). Melbourne: Australian Psychological Society.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sarason, I. G., Johnson, J. H., & Siegel, J. M. (1978). Assessing the impact of life changes: Development of the Life Experiences Survey. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 46, 932–946.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schuhmann, E. M., Foote, R. C, Eyberg, S. M., Boggs, S. R., & Algina, J. (1998). Efficacy of parent-child interaction therapy: Interim report of a randomized trial with short-term maintenance. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 27, 34–45.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Scott, M. J., & Stradling, S. G. (1987). Evaluation of a group programme for parents of problem children. Behavioural Psychotherapy, 15, 224–239.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Selzer, M. L., Vinokur, A., & van Rooijen, L. (1975). A self-administered short Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 36, 117–126.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Serketich, W. J., & Dumas, J. E. (1996). The effectiveness of behavioral parent training to modify antisocial behavior in children: A meta-analysis. Behavior Therapy, 27, 171–186.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Skinner, H. A. (1982). The Drug Abuse Screening Test. Addictive Behaviors, 7, 363–371.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Spanier, G. B. (1976). Measuring dyadic adjustment: New scales for assessing the quality of marriage and similar dyads. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 38, 15–28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spitzer, A., Webster-Stratton, C., & Hollinsworth, T. (1991). Coping with conduct-problem children: Parents gaining knowledge and control. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 20, 413–427.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stoolmiller, M., Duncan, T., Bank, L., & Patterson, G.R. (1993). Some problems and solutions in the study of change: Significant patterns in client resistance. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 61, 920–928.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Strain, P. S., Steele, P., Ellis, T., & Timm, M. A. (1982). Long-term effects of oppositional child treatment with mothers as therapists and therapist trainers. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 15, 163–169.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Strain, P. S., Young, C. C., & Horowitz, J. (1981). Generalized behavior change during oppositional child training: An examination of child and family demographic variables. Behavior Modification, 5, 15–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Straus, M. A. (1990). The Conflict Tactics Scales and its critics: An evaluation and new data on validity and reliability. In M. A. Straus & R. J. Gelles (Eds.), Physical violence in American families: Risk factors and adaptations to violence in 8,145 families (pp. 49–73). New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taplin, P. S., & Reid, J. B. (1977). Changes in parent consequences as a function of family intervention. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 45, 973–981.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, T. K., & Biglan, A. (1998). Behavioral family interventions for improving child-rearing: A review of the literature for clinicians and policy makers. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 1, 41–60.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, T. K., Schmidt, F., Pepier, D., & Hodgins, C. (1998). A comparison of eclectic treatment with Webster-Stratton’s Parents and Children Series in a children’s mental health center: A randomized controlled trial. Behavior Therapy, 29, 221–240.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tharp, R. G., & Wetzel, R. J. (1969). Behavior modification in the natural environment. New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tremblay, R. E., Vitaro, F., Bertrand, L., LeBlanc, M., Beauchesne, H., Boileau, H., & Lucille, D. (1992). Parent and child training to prevent early onset of delinquency: The Montreal longitudinal experimental study. In J. McCord & R. E. Tremblay (Eds.), Preventing antisocial behavior: Interventions from birth through adolescence (pp. 117–138). New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wahler, R. G., Cartor, P. G., Fleischman, J., & Lambert, W. (1993). The impact of synthesis teaching and parent training with mothers of conduct-disordered children. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 21, 425–440.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wahler, R. G., & Dumas, J. E. (1984). Changing the observational coding styles of insular and noninsular mothers: A step toward maintenance of parent training effects. In R. F. Dangel & R. A. Polster (Eds.), Parent training: Foundations of research and practice (pp. 379–416). New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wahler, R. G., Leske, G., & Rogers, E. S. (1979). The insular family: A deviance support system for oppositional children. In L. A. Hamerlynck (Ed.), Behavioral systems for the developmentally disabled: Vol. 1. School and family environments (pp. 102–127). New York: Brunner/Mazel.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walter, H. I., & Gilmore, S. K. (1973). Placebo versus social learning effects in parent training procedures designed to alter the behavior of aggressive boys. Behavior Therapy, 4, 361–377.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Webster-Stratton, C. (1984). Randomized trial of two parent-training programs for families with conduct-disordered children. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 52, 666–678.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Webster-Stratton, C. (1985a). Predictors of treatment outcome in parent training for conduct disordered children. Behavior Therapy, 16, 223–242.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Webster-Stratton, C. (1985b). The effects of father involvement in parent training for conduct problem children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 26, 801–810.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Webster-Stratton, C. (1989). Systematic comparison of consumer satisfaction of three cost-effective parent training programs for conduct problem children. Behavior Therapy, 20,103–115.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Webster-Stratton, C. (1990a). Enhancing the effectiveness of self-administered videotape parent training for families with conduct-problem children. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 18, 479–492.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Webster-Stratton, C. (1990b). Long-term follow-up of families with young conduct problem children: From preschool to grade school. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 19, 144–149.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Webster-Stratton, C. (1994). Advancing videotape parent training: A comparison study. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 62, 583–593.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Webster-Stratton, C. H. (1996a). Early intervention with videotape modeling: Programs for families of children with Oppositional Defiant Disorder or Conduct Disorder. In E. S. Hibbs & P. S. Jensen (Eds.), Psychosocial treatments for child and adolescent disorders: Empirically-based strategies for clinical practice (pp. 435–474). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Webster-Stratton, C. (1996b). Early-onset conduct problems: Does gender make a difference? Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64, 540–5

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Webster-Stratton, C. (1998). Preventing conduct problems in Head Start children: Strengthening parenting competencies. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 66, 715–730.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Webster-Stratton, C., & Hammond, M. (1990). Predictors of treatment outcome in parent training for families with conduct problem children. Behavior Therapy, 21, 319–337.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Webster-Stratton, C., & Hammond, M. (1997). Treating children with early-onset conduct problems: A comparison of child and parent training interventions. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65, 93–109.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Webster-Stratton, C., & Herbert, M. (1993). “What really happens in parent training?” Behavior Modification, 17, 407–4

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Webster-Stratton, C., & Herbert, M. (1994). Troubled families—Problem children. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Webster-Stratton, C., Hollinsworth, T., & Kolpacoff, M. (1989). The long-term effectiveness and clinical significance of three cost-effective training programs for families with conduct-problem children. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 57, 550–553.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Webster-Stratton, C., Kolpacoff, M., & Hollinsworth, T. (1988). Self-administered videotape therapy for families with conduct problem children: Comparison to two other cost effective treatments and a control group. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56, 558–566.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Webster-Stratton, C., & Spitzer, A. (1991). Development, reliability, and validity of the Daily Telephone Discipline Interview. Behavioral Assessment, 13, 221–239.

    Google Scholar 

  • Webster-Stratton, C., & Spitzer, A. (1996). Parenting a young child with conduct problems: New insights using qualitative methods. In T. H. Ollendick & R. J. Prinz (Eds.), Advances in clinical child psychology (Vol. 18, pp. 1–62). New York: Plenum Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Wells, K. C., & Egan, J. (1988). Social learning and systems family therapy for childhood oppositional disorder: Comparative treatment outcome. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 29, 138–146.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wells, K. C., Forehand, R., & Griest, D. L. (1980). Generality of treatment effects from treated to untreated behaviors resulting from a parent training program. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 9, 217–219.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wells, K. C., Griest, D. L., & Forehand, R. (1980). The use of a self-control package to enhance temporal generality of a parent training program. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 18, 347–358.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Williams, C. D. (1959). The elimination of tantrum behaviors by extinction procedures. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 59, 269–270.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wiltz, N. A., & Patterson, G. R. (1974). An evaluation of parent training procedures designed to alter inappropriate aggressive behavior of boys. Behavior Therapy, 5, 215–221.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zucker, R. A., & Fitzgerald, H. E. (1992). The Antisocial Behavior Checklist. Michigan State University Family Study, Department of Psychology, E. Lansing, MI 48824-1117.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195-1525, USA

    Robert J. McMahon

Authors
  1. Robert J. McMahon
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

    Sandra W. Russ

  2. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia, Blacksburg

    Thomas H. Ollendick

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1999 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

McMahon, R.J. (1999). Parent Training. In: Russ, S.W., Ollendick, T.H. (eds) Handbook of Psychotherapies with Children and Families. Issues in Clinical Child Psychology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4755-6_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4755-6_9

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-7156-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-4755-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation