Skip to main content

Mycorrhiza in Control of Plant Pathogens : Molecular Approaches

  • Chapter
Biotechnological Approaches in Biocontrol of Plant Pathogens

Abstract

A wide diversity of fungi form several morphological types of mycorrhizal associations. The present review is giving more emphasis on ecto and endomycorrhizae (Bhandari and Mukerji, 1993; Mukerji and Mandeep, 1997; Mukerji and Sharma, 1996). Researches on the biological control of plant pathogens has received much attention in recent years as a means of increasing crop production by avoiding a number of problems related to use of agrochemicals (e.g. environmental pollution, increasing pathogen resistance) and hence developing practices compatible with sustainable agriculture (Barea et al., 1996; Cook and Baker, 1983; Hooker et al., 1994; Linderman, 1994; Mukerji and Garg, 1988 a, b; Trotta et al., 1996).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Albrecht, C., Burgess, T., Dell, B. and Fapeyrie, F. 1994, Chitinase and peroxidase activities are induced in eucalyptus roots according to aggressiveness of Australian ectomycorrhizal strains of Pisolithus sp, New Phytol. 127:217–222.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Andrade, G., Azcon, R. and Bethlenfalvay, G.J. 1995, A rhizobacterium modifies plant and soil responses to the mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae, Appl. Soil. Ecol. 2: 195–202.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Andrade, G., Mihara, K.L., Linderman, R.G. and Bethlenfalway, G.J. 1997, Bacteria from rhizosphere and hyphosphere soils of different arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungi, Plant and Soil 192: 71–79.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Azcon — Aguilar, C. and Barea, J.M. (eds.) 1996, Mycorrhizas in integrated system from genes to plant development, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baas, R., van der Werf, A. and Lambers, H., 1989, Root respiration and growth in Plantago major as affected by vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal infection, Plant Physiol. 91: 227–232.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baath, E. and Hayman, D.S. 1983, Plant growth response to vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza, XIV, Interactions with Verticillium wilt on tomato plants, New Phytol. 95: 419–426.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baath, E. and Hayman, D.S. 1984, No effect of VA mycorrhiza on red core disease of strawberry, Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 82: 534–536.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baker, K.F. and Cook, R.J. 1974, Biological Control of plant pathogens, W.H. Freeman, San Francisco, C.A.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bali, M. and Mukerji, K.G. 1991, Interactions between VA mycorrhizal fungi and root microflora, in: Plant Roots and their Environment, B.L. McMichael and H. Persson, eds., Elsivier, Amsterdam, pp. 396–401.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baltruschat, H. and Schönbeck, F. 1972a,Influence of endotrophic mycorrhiza on chlamydospore production of Thielaviopsis basicola, Phytopathol. Z. 74: 172–183.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baltruschat, H. and Schönbeck, F. 1972b,The influence of endotrophic mycorrhiza on the infestation of tobacco by Thielaviopsis basicola, Phytopathol., Z. 74: 184–191.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baltruschat, H. and Schönbeck, F. 1975, The influence of endotrophic mycorrhiza on the infestation of tobacco by Thieaviopsis basicola, Phytopathol. Z. 84: 172–188.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bansal, M. and Mukerji, K.G. 1995, Positive correlation between VAM induced changes in root exudation and mycorrhizosphere mycoflora, Mycorrhiza 5: 39–44.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barea, J.M., Calvet, C., Estaun, V. and Camprabi, A. 1996, Biological control as a key component in sustainable agriculture, Plant and Soil 185: 171–172.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barret, V., Dixon, R.K. and Lemke, P.A. 1990, Genetic transformation of a mycorrhizal fungus, Appl. Microbial, Biotechnol. 33: 313–316.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Benhamou, N., Fortin, J.A., Hamel, C., St. Arnaud, M. and Shatilla, A. 1994, Resistance responses of mycorrhizal Ri T-DNA transformed carrot roots to infection by Fusarium oxysporm f. sp. chrysanthemi. Phytopatholgy 84: 958–968.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bethlenfalvay, G.J. and Schüepp, H. 1994, Arbuscular mycorrhizas in agrosystem stability, in: Impact of Arbuscular Mycorrhizas on Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Ecosystems, S. Ginianazzi and H. Schüepp, eds., pp.117–131, Birkhauser Verlag, Basel.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bethlenfalvay, G.J., Andrade, G., and Azcon-Aguilar, C. 1997, Plant and soil responses to mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobacteria in nodulated or nitrate-fetilized peas, Biol. Fert. Soils (in press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhandari, N.N. and Mukerji, K.G. 1993. The Haustorium, Research Studies Press Ltd., U.K. and John Wiley and Sons Inc., New York, USA, p. 308.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blee, K.A. and Anderson, A.J. 1996, Defence related transcript accumulation in Phaseolus vulgaris L. colonized by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices Schenck and Smith, Plant Physiol. 110: 675–688.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bowen, G.D. and Rovria, A.D. 1991, The Rhizosphere: the hidden half of the hidden half, in: Plant Roots, the Hidden Half, Y. Waizel, A. Eshel and U. Kaf Kafi, eds., pp. 641–661, Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, U.S.A.

    Google Scholar 

  • Calvet, C., Pinochet, J., Camprabi, A. and Fernandez, C. 1995, Increased tolerance to the root lesion nematode Pratylenchus vulnus in mycorhizal micropropagated BA-29 quince rootstock, Mycorrhiza 5: 253–258.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carling, D.E., Riehle, W.G., Brown, M.F. and Johnson, D.R. 1978, Effects of a vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus on nitrate reductase and nitrogenase activities in nodulating and non-nodulating legumes, Phytopathology 68: 1590–1597.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Caron, M. 1989, Potential use of mycorrhizae in control of soil borne diseases, Can. J. Plant Pathol. 11: 177–179.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Caron, M., Fortin, J.A. and Richard, C. 1985, Influence of substrate on the interaction of Glomus intraradices and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycorpersici on tomatoes, Plant and Soil 87: 233–239.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Caron, M., Fortin, J.A. and Richard, C. 1986a,Effect of Glomus intraradices on infection by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici in tomato over a 12-week period, Can. J. Bot., 64: 552–556.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Caron, M., Fortin, J.A. and Richard, C. 1986b,Effect of phosphorus concentration and Glomus intraradices on Fusarium crown and root rot of tomatoes, Phytopathology 76: 942–946.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chakravarty, P. and Unestam, T. 1987a,Mycorrhizal fungi prevent disease in stressed pine seedlings, Jour, of Phytopathology 118: 335–340.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chakravarty, P. and Unestam, T. 1987b,Differential influence of ectomycorrhizae on plant growth and disease resistence of Pinus sylvestris seedlings, Jour. of Phytopathology 120: 104–120.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chet, I. (ed.) 1987, Innovative approaches to plant disease control, John Wiley and Sons, N.Y., USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Collinge, D.B., Gregersen, P.L. and Thordal-Christensen, H. 1994, The introduction of gene expression in response to pathogenic microbes, in: Mechanisms of Plant Growth and Improved Productivity: Modern Approaches and Perspectives, A. Basra, ed., Marcel Dekker Inc., N.Y., USA, pp. 391–433.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cordier, C., Gianinazzi, S. and Gianinazzi — Pearson, V. 1996, Colonization patterns of root tissues by Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica related to reduced disease in mycorrhizal tomato, Plant and Soil, 185: 223–232.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Codignola, A., Verrota, L., Spanu, P., Maffei, M. Scannerini, S. and Bonfante-Fasolo, P. 1989, Cell wall bound phenols in roots of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal plants, New Phytol. 112:221–228.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cook, R.J. and Baker, K.F. 1983, The nature and practice of biological control of plant pathogens, APS Press, St. Paul, USA, 539p.

    Google Scholar 

  • Daft, M.J. and Okasanya, B.O. 1973, Effect of endogone mycorrhiza on plant growth, V, Influence of infection on the multiplication of viruses in tomato, petunia and straw-berry, New Phytol. 72: 975–983.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davis, R.M., 1980, Influence of Glomus fasciculatum on Thielaviopsis basicola root rot of citrus, Plant Dis. 64: 839–840.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davis, R.M., and Menge, J.A. 1980, Influence of Glomus fasciculatum and soil phosphorus on Phytophthora root rot of citrus, Phytopathology 70: 447–452.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Davis, R.M., and Menge, J.A. 1981, Phytophthora parasitica inoculation and intensity of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae in Citrus, New Phytol. 87: 705–715.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davis, R.M., Menge, J.A. and Erwin, D.C. 1979, Influence of Glomus fasiculatum and soil phosphorus on Verticillium wilt of cotton, Phytopathology 69: 453–456.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Deacon, J.W., 1983, Microbial control of plant pests and diseases, Am. Soc. Microbiol., Washington, D.C., USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dehne, H.W. 1982, Interactions between vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant pathogens, Phytopathology 72: 1115–1119.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dehne, H.W. 1987, Zur Bedeutung der vesikulär-artmskularen (VA) Mykorrhiza für die Pflanzengesundheit, Habil. Univ. Hannnover, Germany.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dehne, W.H. and Schönbeck, F. 1978, The influence of endotrophic mycorrhiza on plant diseases, 3, Chitinase activity and Ornithine cycle, Z. Pflanzenkr. Pflanzenschutz, 82: 666–678.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dehne, H.W. and Schönbeck, F. 1979a,Untersuchungen Zum Einflu-β-der endotrophen Mykorrhiza auf Pflanzenkrankheiten, II, Phenolstoffwechsel und Lignitizierung, Phytopathol. Z. 5: 210–216.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dehne, H.W. and Schönbeck, F. 1979b,The influence of endotrophic mycorrhizae on plant disease, I, Colonization of tomato plants by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, Phytopathol. Z. 95:105–109.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dehne, H.W., Schönbeck, F. and Baltruchat, H. 1978, Untersuchungen zum Einfluß-der endotrophen Mykorrhiza auf Pflanzenkrankheiten, III, Chitinase artivität und ornithinzyklus, Z. Pflakrankh. Pflschutz. 85: 666–678.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Duchesne, L.C., 1994, Role of ectomycorrhizal fungi in Biocontrol, in: Mycorrhizae and Plant Health, F.L. Pfleger and R.G. Linderman, eds., APS Press, St. Paul, USA, pp.27–45.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duchesne, L.C., Peterson, R.L. and Ellis, B.E. 1987a,The accumulation of plant-produced antimicrobial components in response to ectomycorrhizal fungi: a review, Phytoprotection 68: 17–27.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Duchesne, L.C., Peterson, R.L. and Ellis, B.E. 1987b,Pine root exudates stimulate antibiosis by Paxillus involutes against Fusarium oxysporum, in: Proc. 7th NACOM, D.M. Sylvia, L.L. Hung and J.H. Graham, eds., pp. 193, Gainesville, U.S.A.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duchesne, L.C., Peterson, R.L. and Ellis, B.E. 1988a,Interaction beteween the ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus involutus and Pinus resinosa induces resistance to Fusarium oxysporum, Can. J. Bot., 66: 558–562.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duchesne, L.C., Peterson, R.L. and Ellis, B.E. 1988b,Pine root exudate stimulates antibiotic synthesis by the ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus involutes, New Phytol. 108: 471–476.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Duchesne, L.C., Peterson, R.L. and Ellis, B.E. 1989a,The future of ectomycorrhizal fungi as biological control agents, Phytoprotection 70: 51–58.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duchesne, L.C., Peterson, R.L. and Ellis, B.E. 1989b,The time-course of disease suppression and antibiosis by the ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus involutes, New Phytol. III: 693–698.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duc, G., Trouvelot, A., Gianinazzi-Pearson, V. and Silvia, G. 1989, First report of non-mycorrhizal plant mutants (Myc−) obtained in pea (Pisum sativum L.) and fababean (Vicia faba L.), Pl. Sci. 60: 215–222.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dugassa, G.D., von Alten, H. and Schönbeck F., 1996, Effect of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) on health of Linum usitatissimum L. infected by fungal pathogens, Plant and Soil 185: 173–182.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dumas-Gardot, E., Furian, Y., Grenier, J. and Asselin, A. 1992, New acidic chitinase isoforms induced in tobacco roots by vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Mycorrhiza 1:133–136.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dumas-Gaudot, E., Grenier, J., Furian, V. and Asselin, A. 1992b,Chitinase, Chitosanase and β-l,3-glucanase activities in Allium and Pisum roots colonised by Glomus species, Pl. Sci. 84: 17–24.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dumas, E., Gianianazzi-Pearson, V. and Gianinazzi, S. 1989, Production of new soluble proteins during VA endomycorrhizae formation, Agri. Eco. Environ. 29: 111–114.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dumas-Gaudot, E., Asselin, A., Gianinazzi — Pearson, V., Gollotte, A. and Gianinazzi, S. 1994a,Chitinase isoforms in roots of various pea genotypes infected with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, PL. Sci. 99: 27–37.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dumas-Gaudot, E., Guillaume, P., Tahiri-Alaoui, A., Gianinazzi-Pearson, V. and Gianinazzi, S. 1994b.Changes in polypeptide patterns in tobacco roots colonised by two Glomus species, Mycorrhiza 4: 215–221.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dumas-Gaudot, E., Slezack, S., Dassi, B., Pozo, M.J., Gianinazzi-Pearson V. and Gianinazzi, S. 1996, Plant hydrolytic enzymes (Chitnases and β-l,3-glucanases) in root reactions to pathogenic and symbiotic micro-organisms, Plant and Soil185: 211–221.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • El Ghachtouli, N. 1995, Polyamines and mycorrhiza development in mycorrhiza-susceptible (Myc+) and resistant (Myc−) pea genotypes, Doctoral Thesis, Burgundy University, Dijon, France, p. 222.

    Google Scholar 

  • El Ghachtouli, N., Paynot, M., Morandi, D., Martin-Tanguy, J. and Gianinazzi, S. 1995, The effect of polyamines on endomycorrhizal infection of wild type Pisum sativum cv. Frisson (nod+ myc+) and two mutants (nod− myc+ and nod− myc−), Mycorrhiza 5: 189–192.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fitter, A.H. and Garbaye, J. 1994, Interaction between mycorrhizal fungi and other soil organisms, Plant and Soil 159: 123–132.

    Google Scholar 

  • Francl, L.J. 1993, Interactions of nematodes with mycorrhizae and mycorrhizal fungi, in: Nematode Interactions, M.W. Khan, eds., pp. 203–216, Chapman and Hall, London.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Franken, P. and Gnadinger, F. 1994, Analysis of parsley arbuscular endomycorrhiza: Infection developent and m RNA levels of defence related genes, Mol. Plant-Microbe Interaction 7: 612–620.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Garbaye, J. 1991, Biological interactions in the mycorrhizosphere, Experientia 47: 370–375.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garcia-Garrido, J.M. and Ocampo, J.A. 1989, Effect of VA mycorrhizal infection of tomato on damage caused by Pseudomonas syringae, Soil Biol. Biochem. 21: 165–167.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garrido, N., Becerra, J., Manticorea, C., Oehrens, E., Sylvia, M. and Horak, E. 1982, Antibiotic properties of ectomycorrhizae and saprophytic fungi growing on Pinus radiata D. Don. I, Mycopathologia 77:93–98.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gasper, T., Penel, C., Hagege, D. and Greppin, H. 1991, Peroxidascs in plant growth, differentiation and development processes, in: Biochemical, Molecular and Physiological Aspects of Plant Peroxidases, J. Labarzweski, H. Greppin, C. Penel and T. Gasper, eds., University Press, Geneva, Switzerland, pp. 251–280.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gianinazzi, S. 1991, Vesicular-arbuscular (endo) mycorrhizas: cellular, biochemical and genetic aspects, Agri., Eco. and Environ. 35: 105–109.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gianinazzi, S. and Gianinazzi-Pearson, V. 1992, Influence of intergeneric grafts between host and non-host legumes on vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza formation, New Phytol. 120: 505–508.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gianinazzi Pearson, V. 1995, Morphological compatibility in interactions between roots and arbuscular endomycorrhizal fungi: molecular mechanisms, genes and gene expression, in: Pathogenesis and Host Specificity in Plant Disease, K. Kohomoto, R. P. Singh and R.S. Singh, eds., Oxford: Pergamon Press, Elsevier Science, Vol.II: 251–

    Google Scholar 

  • Gianinazzi-Pearson, V., Dumas-Gaudot, E., Gollote, A., Tahiri-Alaoui, A. and Gianinazzi, S. 1996, Cellular and molecular defence related root responses to invasion by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, New Phytol. 133:45–57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gianinazzi-Pearson, V., Tahiri-Alaoui, A., Antoniw, J.F., Gianinazzi, S. and Dumas-Gaudot, E. 1992, Weak expression of the pathogenesis related PR-b 1 gene and localization of related protein during symbiotic endomycorrhizal interactions in tobacco roots, Endocytobiosis Cell Res. 8: 177–185.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gallorie, A., Gianinazzi-Pearson, V. and Gianinazi, S. 1995, Etude immunocytochinique des interfaces planta-champignon endomycorrhizien a arbuscular chez des pois isoginiques myc+ on resistant ‘a l’ endomycorhization (Myc−), Acta Botanica Gallica 141:449–454.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gallotte, A., Gianinazzi-Pearson, Y., Giovanneti, M., Sbrana, C., Avio, L. and Gianinazzi, S. 1993, Cellular localization and cytochemical probing of resistance reactions to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in a ‘locus A’ myc mutant of Pisum sativum (L.), Planta 191: 112–122.

    Google Scholar 

  • Graham, J.H. 1988, Interactions of mycorrhizal fungi with soil borne plant pathogens and other organisms: an introduction, Phytopathology 78: 365–366.

    Google Scholar 

  • Graham, J.H. and Menge, J.A. 1982, Influence of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae and soil phosphorus on take-all disease of wheat, Phytopathology 72: 95–98.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grandmaison, J., Olah, G.M., Vancalsteren, M.R. and Furian, V. 1993, Characterisation and localization of plant phenolics likely involved in the pathogen resistance expressed by endomycorrhizal roots, Mycorrhiza, 3: 155–164.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hahn, M.G., Bucheli, P., Cervone, F., Doares, S.H., O’Neil, R.A., Darvill, A. and Albersheim, P. 1989, Roles of cell wall constituents in plant-pathogen interactions, in: Plant-Microbe Interactions: Molecular and Genetic Perspectives, T. Kosuge and E.W. Nester, eds., pp. 131–181, McGraw Hill, N.Y., U.S.A.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harley, J.L. and Smith, S.E. 1983, Mycorrhizal symbiosis, Academic Press, London, U.K. 483 p.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harrison, M.J. and Dixon, R.A. 1993, Isoflavonoid accumulation and expression of defence gene transcripts during the establishment of vesicular — arbuscular mycorrhizal associations in roots of Medicago truncatula, Mol. Plant-Microbe Interaction 6: 643–654.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harrison, M.J. and Dixon, R.A. 1994, Spatial patterns of expression of flavonoid/isoflavonoid pathway genes during interactions between Medicago truncatula and the mycorrhizal fungus Glomus vesiforme, Plant J. 6: 9–20.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Helal, H.M. and Sauerbeck, D.R. 1984, Influence of plant roots on C and P metabolism in soil, Plant and Soil 76: 175–182.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hodge, A., Alexander, I.J. and Gooday, G.W. 1995, Chitinolytic activities of Eucalyptus pilularis and Pinus sylvestris root system challenged with mycorrhizal and pathogenic fungi, New Phyol. 131: 255–261.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hodge, A., Grayston, S.J. and Ord, B. G. 1996, A novel method for characterisation and quantification of plant root exudates, Plant and Soil 184: 97–104.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hooker, J.E., Jaizme-Vega, M. and Atkinson, D. 1994, Biocontrol of plant pathogens using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, in: Impact of Arbuscular Mycorrhizas on Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Ecosystems, S. Gianianazzi and H. Schüepp, eds., pp. 191–200, Birkhauser Verleg, Basel, Switzerland.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Hussey, R.S. and Rancadori, R.W. 1982, Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae may limit nematode activity and improve plant growth, Plant Dis. 66: 9–13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hwang, S.F., Chang, K.F. and Chakravarty, P. 1992, Effect of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the development of Verticillium and Fusarium wilts of alfalfa, Plant Dis. 76: 239–243.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jaizme-Vega, M.C., Tenoury, P., Pinochet, J. and Jaumot, M. 1997, Interactions between the root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita and Glomus mosseae in banana, Plant and Soil 196: 27–35.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jakobsen, I. and Rosendahl, L. 1990, Carbon flow into soil and external hyphae from roots of mycorrhizal cucumber plants, New Phytol. 115: 77–83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jalali, B.L. and Jalali, I. 1991, Mycorrhiza in plant disease control, in: Handbook of Applied Mycology, D.K. Arora, B. Rai, K.G. Mukerji and G.K. Knudsen, eds., Vol. 1:131–154, Marcel Dekker, N.Y., U.S.A.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones, D.L., Edwards, A.C., Donachie, K. and Darrah, P.R. 1994, Role of proteinaceous amino acids released in root exudates in nutrient acquisition from the rhizosphere, Plant and Soil 158: 183–192.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kape, R., Wex, K., Parniske, M., George, E., Wetzel, A. and Warner, D. 1992, Legume root metebolites and VA mycorrhiza development, J. Plant Physiol. 141: 54–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaushik, A. and Mukerji, K.G. 1996, Mycorrhiza in control of Diseases, in: Disease Scenario in Crop Plants, Vol. II, Cereals, Pulses, Oil Seeds and Cash Crops, V.P. Agnihotri, O. Prakash, R. Kishua and A.K Mishra, eds., International Books and Periodical Supply Service, Delhi, India, pp. 217–231.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaye, J.W., Pfleger, F.L. and Stewart, E.L. 1984, Interaction of Glomus fasciculatum and Pythium ultimum on house grown Poinsetia, Can. J. Bot. 62: 1575–1579.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Keen, N.T. and Yoshikawa, M. 1983, Physiology of disease and the nature of resistance to Phytophthora, in: Phytophthora its Biology, Taxonomy, Ecology and Pathology, D.C. Erwin, S. Bartnicki-Garcia and P.H. Tsao, eds., pp. 279–287, APS Press, St. Paul, U.S.A.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kope, H.H. and Fortin, J.A. 1989, Inhibition of phytopathogenic fungi in vitro by cell free culture media of ectomycorrhizal fungi, New Phytologist 113: 57–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kope, H.H. and Fortin, J.A. 1990, Antifungal activity in culture filtrates of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Pisolithus tinctorius, Can. J. Bot. 68: 1254–1259.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kope, H.H., Tsantrizos, Y.S., Fortin, J.A. and Ogilvie, K.K. 1991, p-Hydroxybenzoylformic acid and (R)-(-) p-hydroxymandelic acid, two antifungal compounds isolated from the liquid culture of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Pisolithus arhizus, Can. J. Microbiol. 37: 258–264.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kothari, S.K., Marschner, H. and George, E. 1990, Effect of VAmycorrhizal fungi and rhizosphere microorganisms on root and shoot morphology, growth and water relations in maize, New Phytol. 116: 303–311.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kraska, T. 1996, Vergleichende Untersuchungen von Resistenzinduktoren, deren Wirkungsweisen und dem Einfluβ auf die DNA-Methylierung, Dissertation Univ. Hannover, Germany.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krishna, K.R. and Bagyaraj, D. 1983, Interaction between Glomus fasciculatum and Sclerotium rolfi in peanut, Can. J. Bot. 61: 2349–2351.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Krishna, K.R. and Bagyaraj, D.J. 1984, Phenols in mycorrhizal roots of Arachis hypogaea, Experientia 40: 85–86.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lambais, M.R. and Mehdy, M.C. 1993, Suppression of endochitinase, β-l,3-endoglucanase and chalcone isomerase expression in bean vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal roots under different soil phosphate conditions, Mol. Plant-Microbe Interactions 6: 75–83.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lambais, M.R. and Mehdy, M.C. 1995, Differential expression of defence related genes in arbuscular mycorrhiza, Can. J. Bot. 73: 553–540.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lambers, H. 1987, Growth, respiration, exudation and symbiotic associations, The fate of carbon translocated to the roots, in: Root Development and Function, P.J. Gregory, J.V. Lake and D.A. Rose, eds., pp. 125–145, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lemoine, M.C., Gollotte, A. and Gianinazzi-Pearson, V. 1995, Localization of β(l-3) glucan in walls of the endomycorrhizal fungi Glomus mosseae (Nicol, and Gerd. Gerd, and Trappe and Acaulospora laevis Gerd, and Trappe during colonization of host roots, New Phytol. 129:97–105.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Linderman, R.G. 1986, Managing rhizosphere microorganisms in the production of horticultural crops, Hort. Sci. 21: 1299–1302.

    Google Scholar 

  • Linderman, R.G. 1988a,Mycorrhizal interactions with the rhizosphere microflora: The mycorrhizosphere effect, Phytopathology 78: 366–371.

    Google Scholar 

  • Linderman, R.G. 1988b,VA mycorrhizal symbiosis, ISI Atlas of Science, Animal and Plant Sciences, Section 1:183–188.

    Google Scholar 

  • Linderman, R.G. 1991, Mycorrhizal interactions in the rhizosphere, in: Rhizosphere and Plant Growth, D.L. Keister and R.G. Gregan, eds., Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, pp. 343–348.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Linderman, R.G. 1992, Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae and soil microbial interactions, in: Mycorrhiza in Sustainable Agriculture, G.J. Bethlenfalvay and R.G. Linderman, eds., pp. 45–70. Am., Soc. Agron. (Sp. Publ.) No. 54. Am Soc. Agron. Madison, Wis., U.S.A.

    Google Scholar 

  • Linderman, R.G. 1994, Role of VAM fungi in biocontrol, in: Mycorrhizae and Plant Health, E.L. Pfleger and R.G. Linderman, eds., pp. 1–25, APS Press, St. Paul, U.S.A.

    Google Scholar 

  • Linderman, R.G. and Paulitz, T.C. 1994, Mycorrhizae and plant health, APS Press, St. Paul, USA, pp. 337–344.

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu, R.J. 1995, Effect of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on Verticillium wilt of cotton, Mycorrhiza 5: 293–297.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lynch, J.M. and Whipps, J.M. 1990, Substrate flow in the rhizosphere, Plant and Soil 129: 1–10.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maier, W., Peipp, H., Schmidt, J., Wray, V. and Strack, D. 1995, Levels of a terpenoid glycocide (blumenin) and cell wall-bound phenolics in some cereal mycorrhizas, Plant Physiol. 109: 465–470.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Malajczuk, N. 1984, Perspective on ectomycorrhizae-pathogen interaction, Proc. 6th NACOM R. Molina, ed., Oregon, USA, pp. 123.

    Google Scholar 

  • Malajczuk, N. and Mc Comb, A.J. 1979, The microflora of unsuberized roots of Eucalyptus calophylla R. Br. and Eucalyptus marginata Donn. ex. Sm. seedlings grown in soils suppressive and conducive to Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands, I, Rhizoplane bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi, II, Mycorrhizal roots and associated microflora 27: 235.

    Google Scholar 

  • Malajczuk, N. and Sanfelieu, C.L. 1984, Survival of Phytophthora cinnamomi zoospores on non-mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal roots of jarran, Proc, 6th NACOM, R. Molina, ed., Oregon, USA pp. 336.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mark, G.L. and Cassells, A.C. 1996, Genotype dependence in the interaction between Glomus fistulosum, Phytophthora fragariae and the wild strawberry (Fragaria vesca), Plant and Soil, 185: 233–239.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marx, D.H. 1969, The influence of ectotrophic ectomycorrhizal fungi on the resistance of pine roots to pathogenic infections, I, Antagonism of mycorrhizal fungi to pathogenic fungi and soil bacteria, Phytopathology 59: 153–163.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marx, D.H. 1973, Mycorrhizae and feeder root diseases, in: Ectomycorrhizae: Their Ecology and Physiology, G.C. Marks and T.T. Kozlowski, eds., Academic Press, N.Y. USA, pp. 351–382.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marx, D.H. 1975, Role of ectomycorrhizae in the protection of pine from root infection by Phytophthora cinnamomi, in: Biology and Control of Soil-borne Plant Pathogens, J.W. Bruehl, ed., APS Press, St. Paul, USA, pp. 77–83.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mayer, A. 1987, Polyphenol oxidases in plants-recent progress, Phytochemistry 26: 11–20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mc Arthur, D.A.J. and Knowles, N.R. 1992, Resistance responses of potato to vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under varying abiotic phosphorus levels, Plant Physiol. 100: 341–351.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McGraw, A.C. and Schenck, N.C. 1981, Effect of two species of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the development of fusarium wilt of tomato (Abst), Phytopathology, 71: 894.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mittal, N. Sharma, M., Saxena, G. and Mukerji, K.G. 1991, Effect of VA mycorrhiza on gall formation in tomato roots, Incompatibility News Letter, 23: 39–43.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moerschbacher, B.M. 1992, Plant peroxidases: involvement in response to pathogens, in: Plant Peroxidases 1980–1990, Topics and Detailed Literature on Molecular, Biochemical and Physiological Aspects, C. Penel., T. Gasper, and H. Greppin eds., University Press, Geneva, Switzerland, pp. 91–99.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mohr, U., Lange, J., Boller, T., Wiemken, A. and Vogeli — Lange, R. 1998, Plant defense genes and induced in the pathogenic interaction betweenbeenroots and Fusarium solani, but not in the symbiotic interaction with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae, New Phytol. 138: 589–598.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Molina, R. and Trappe, J.M. 1982, Patterns of ectomycorrhizal host specificity and potential among Pacific North West conifers and fungi, For. Sci. 28: 423–458.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morandi, D. 1989, Effect of xenobiotics on endomycorrhizal infection and isoflavonoid accumulation in soybean roots, Plant Physio., Biochem. 27: 697–701.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Morandi, D. 1996, Occurrence of phytoalexins and phenolic compounds in endomycorrhizal interactions and their potential role in biological control, Plant and Soil 185: 241–251.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Morandi, D., Bailey, J.A. and Gianinazzi — Pearson, V. 1984, Isoflavonoid accumulation in soybean roots infected with vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Physiol. Plant Pathol. 24:357–364.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Morandi, D., Branzanti, B. and Gianinazzi-Pearson, V. 1992, Effect of some plant flavonoids on in vitro behaviour of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, Agronomie 12: 811–816.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morandi, D. and Gianinazzi-Pearson, V. 1986, Influence of mycorrhizal infection and phosphate nutrition on secondary metabolite contents of soybean roots, in: Physiological and Genetical Aspects of Mycorrhizae, V. Gianinazzi-Pearson and S. Gianinazzi, eds., pp. 787–791, INRA Press, Paris.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morandi, D. and Le Quere, J.L. 1991, Influence of nitrogen on accumulation of isojagol, a newly detected coumestan in soybean and associated isoflavonoids in root and nodules of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal soybean, New Phytol. 117: 75–79.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mukerji, K.G., Champla, B.P. and Sharma, M. 1997, Mycorrhiza in control of plant pathogens, in: Management of Threatening Plant Diseases of National Importance, V.P. Agnihotri, A.K. Sarbhoy, and D. V. Singh, eds., Malhotra Publishing House, New Delhi, pp. 298–314.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mukerji, K.G. and Garg, K.L. (eds.) 1988a, Biocontrol of Plant Diseases, Vol. I, CRC Press Inc., Florida, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mukerji, K.G. and Garg K.L. (eds.) 1988b, Biocontrol of Plant Diseases, Vol. II, CRC Press Inc. Florida, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mukerji, K.G. and Mandeep 1997, Mycorrhizal relationships of wetland and rivers associated plants, in: Ecology of Wetland and Associated Systems, S.K. Mazumdar, ed., The Pensylvania Acad. of Science, pp. 91–108.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mukerji, K.G. and Sharma, M. 1996, Mycorrhizal relationships in Forest Ecosystems, in: Forests — A Global Perspective, S.K. Mazumdar, E.W. Muller and Fred. J. Brenner, eds., The Pensylvania Acad. of Sciences, pp. 95–125.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mukerji, K.G., Upadhyaya, R.K. and Kaushik, A. 1996, Mycorrhiza and Integrated Disease Management, in: IPM System in Agriculture, Vol. II, Biocontrol in Emerging Biotechnology, Rajeev, K. Upadhyay, K.G. Mukerji and R.L. Rajak, eds., Aditya Books Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, pp. 423–452.

    Google Scholar 

  • Münzenberger, B., Olter, T., Wüstrich, D. and Polle, A. 1997, Peroxidase and laccase activities in mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal fine roots of Norway spruce (Picea abies) and larch (Larix decidua), Can. J. Bot. 75: 932–938.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mylona, P., Moerman, M., Yang, W.C., Gloudemans, T., van de Kerckhove, J., van Kammen, A., Bisseling, T. and Franssen, H.J. 1994, The root epidermis-specific pea gene RH2 is homologous to a pathogenesis-related gene, Plant Mol. Biol. 26: 39–50.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Norman, J.R., Atkinson, D. and Hooker, J.E., 1996, Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal-induced alteration to root architecture in strawberry and induced resistance to the root pathogen Phytophthora fragariae, Plant and Soil 185–191-198.

    Google Scholar 

  • O’Bannon, J.H. and Nemec, S. 1979, The response of Citrus lemon seedlings to a symbiont, Glomus etunicatus and a pathogen, Radophalus similis, J. Nematol. 11: 270–275.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • O’Malley, D.M., Whetten, R., Bao, W., Chen, C.L. and Sederoff, R.R. 1993, The role of lacease in lignification, Plant J. 4: 751–757.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paulitz, T.C. and Underman, R.G. 1991, Mycorrhizal interactions with soil organisms, in: Handbook of Applied Mycology, Vol.1, Plant and Soil, D.K. Arora, B. Rai, K.G. Mukerji and G.R. Knudscn, eds., p. 77–129, Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pinochet, J., Calvet, C., Camprubi, A. and Fernandez, C. 1996, Interactions between migratory endoparasitic nematodes and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in perennial crops, A review, Plant and Soil 185: 183–190.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rasanayagam, S. and Jeffries, P. 1992, Production of acid is responsible for antibiosis by some ectomycorrhizal fungi, Mycol. Res. 6(11): 971–976.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reddy, M.V., Rao, J.N. and Krishna, K.R. 1989, Influence of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae on Fusarium wilt of pigeon pea, Int. Pig. Newsl. 9: 23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roldan, A., Garcia-Orenes, F. and Albaladejo, J. 1994, Microbial populations in the rhizosphere of Brachypodium retusum and their relationship with stable aggregates in a semiarid soil of south eastern Spain, Arid Soil Res. Rehab. 8: 105–114.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rosendahl, C.N. and Rosendahl, S. 1990, The role of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza in controlling damping off and growth reduction in cucumber caused by Pythium ultimum, Symbiosis 9: 363–366.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sagan, M., Morandi, D., Tareughi, E. and Duc, G. 1995, Selection of nodulation and mycorrhizal mutants in the model plant, Medicago truncatula (Gaertn) after gamma ray mutagenesis, Plant Sci. 111: 63–71.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Samara, A., Dumas-Gaudot, E., Gianinazzi-Pearson, V. and Gianinazzi, S. 1996a,Studies of in vivo polypeptide synthesis in non-mycorrhizal and arbuscular-mycorrhizal (Glomus mosseae) pea roots, in: Mycorrhizas in Integrated Systems from Genes to Plant Development, C. Azcon-Aguilar and J.M. Barea, eds., pp. 263–266, Kluwer Academic Publisher, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.

    Google Scholar 

  • Samara, A., Dumas-Gaudot, E., Gianinazzi-Pearson, V. and Gianinazzi, S. 1996b,Changes in polypeptide profiles of two pea genotypes inoculated with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae, in: Integrated Systems: From Genes to Plant Development, C. Azcon-Aguilar, J.M. Barea and J. Ocampo, eds., COST, Brussels.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sampangi, R. and Perrin, R. 1985, Attempts to ellucidate the mechanisms involved in the protective effect of Lacearia laccata against Fusarium oxysporum, in: Physiological and Genetical Aspects of Mycorrhizae, V. Gianinazzi-Pearson and S. Gianinazzi, eds., INRA, Paris, France, pp. 807–810.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schenck, N.C. and Kellam, M.K. 1978, The influence of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza on disease development, Fla. Agric. Exp. Stn. Tech. Bull, 798, Gainesville, Florida.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schisler, D.A. and Linderman, R.G. 1987, The influence of volatiles purged from soil around Douglas fir ectrmycorrhizae on soil microbial populations, in: Proc. 7th NACOM, D.M. Sylvia, H. Hung and J.H. Graham, eds., pp. 218.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schönbeck, F. 1979, Endomycorrhiza in relation to plant diseases, in: Soil-borne Plant Pathogens, B. Schippers and W. Gams, eds., Academic Press, New York, USA pp. 271–280.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schönbeck, F. and Dehne, H.W. 1977, Damage to mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal cotton seedlings by Thielaviopsis basicola, Plant Dis. Reptr. 61:266–269.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schreiner, R.P., Mihara, K.L., McDaniel, H. and Bethlenfalvay, G.J. 1997, Mycorrhizal fungi influence plant and soil functions and interactions, Plant and Soil 188:199–209.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma, M. and Mukerji, K.G. 1992, Mycorohiza-Tool for biocontrol, in: Recent Developments in Biocontrol of Plant Diseases, K. G.Mukerji, J.P. Tewari, D.K. Arora and G. Saxena, eds., Aditya Books Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, pp. 52–80.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sharma, M., Mittal, N. and Mukerji, K.G. 1998, Fungi: Tool for plant disease management, in: Microbes for Health, Wealth and Sustainable Environment, A. Varma, ed., Malhotra Publishing House, New Delhi, pp. 101–154.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simoneau, P., Feugey, L., Viémont, J.D., Swoboda, I., Heberte Bors, E. and Strullu, D.G. 1996, Induction of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase in birch challenged with ectomycorrhizal fungi, in: Mycorrhiza in Integrated Systems from Genes to Plant Development, Proc. 4th European Symp. on Mycorrhiza (ESM), Granada, 11-14th July, 1994, Azcon-Aguilar and J.M. Barea, eds., European Commission, Brussels, p.203.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, G.S., Hussey, R.S. and Roncadori, R.W. 1986a,Penetration and post infection development of Meloidogyne incognita as affected by Glomus intraradices and phosphorus, J. Nematol. 18: 429–437.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, G.S., Roncadori, R.W. and Hussey, R.S. 1986b,Interaction of endomycorrhizal fungi, superphosphate and Meloidogyne incognita on cotton in microplot and field studies, J. Nematol. 18: 208–214.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, S.E. and Read, D.J. 1997, Mycorrhizal Symbiosis, Academic Press, London, U.K.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, V.L., Wilcox, W.F. and Harmann, G.E. 1990, Potential for biological control of Phytophthora root and crown rots of apple by Trichoderma and Gliocladium sPhytopathology 80: 880–885.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spanu, P., Boiler, T., Ludwig, A., Wiemken, A., Faccio, A. and Bonfante Fasolo, P. 1989, Chitinase in roots of mycorrhizal Allium porrum: regulation and localization, Planta 177: 447–455.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spanu, P. and Bonfante-Fasolo, P. 1988, Cell-Wall bound peroxidase activity in roots of mycorrhizal Allium cepa, New Phytologist 109: 119–124.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Srivastava, D., Kapoor, R., Srivastava, S.K. and Mukerji, K.G. 1996, Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza — an overview, in: Concepts in Mycorrhizal Research, K.G. Mukerji, ed., Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Netherlands, pp. 1–39.

    Google Scholar 

  • St. Arnaud, M., Hamel, C., Caron, M. and Fortin, J.A. 1995, Inhibition of Pythium ultimum in roots and growth Substrate of mycorrhizal Tagetes petula colonised with Glomus intraradices, Can. J. Plant Path. 16: 187–194.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • St. Arnaud, M., Hamel, C., Vimard, B., Caron, M. and Fortin, J.A. 1997, Inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi in the non-VAM species Dianthus caryophyllus by co-culture with Tagetes petula companion plants colonised by Glomus intraradices, Can. J. Bot. 75: 998–1005.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sundaresan, P., Raja, N.U. and Gunasekaran, P. 1993, Induction and accumulation of phytoalexins in cowpea roots infested with a mycorrhizal fungus Glomus fassiculatum and their resistance to Fusarium wilt disease, J. Biosciences 18: 291–301.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Suresh, A.K., Bagyaraj, D.J. and Reddy D.D.R. 1985, Effect of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza on surival, penetration and development of root-knot nematode in tomato, Plant and Soil. 87: 305–308.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Suvercha, Mukerji, K.G. and Arora, D.K. 1991, Ectomycorrhiza, in: Handbook of Applied Mycology, Vol. I, D.K. Arora, B. Rai, K.G. Mukerji and G.R. Knudson, eds., Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, USA, pp. 187–215.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sylvia, D.M. and Sinclair, W.A. 1983a,Suppressive influence of Laccaria laccata on Fusarium oxysporum and on Douglas fir seedlings, Phytopathology 73: 384–389.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sylvia, D.M. and Sinclair, W.A. 1983b Phenolic compounds and resistance to fungal pathogens induced in primary roots of Douglas fir seedlings by the ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria laccata, Phytopathology 73: 390–397.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Trotta, A., Varese, G.C., Gnavi, E., Fusconi, A., Sampo, S. and Berta, G. 1996, Interactions between the soilborne root pathogen Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae in tomato plants, Plant and Soil 185: 199–209.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Volpin, H., Elkind, Y., Okon, Y. and Kapulnik, Y. 1994, A vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices induces a defence response in alfalfa roots, Plant Physiol. 104: 683–689.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Volpin, H., Phillips, D.A., Okon, Y. and Kapulink, Y. 1995, Suppression of an isoflavonoid phytoalexin defense response in mycorrhizal alfalfa roots, Plant Physiol. 108: 1449–1454.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wyss, P., Boiler, T. and Wiemken, A. 1989, Glyceollin production in soybean during the process of infection by Glomus mosseae and Rhizoctonia solani, Agric. Ecos. Enviroa 29: 451–456.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Young, C.C., Juang, T.C. and Guo, H.Y 1984, Effects of VA mycorrhizal inoculation on the soybean growth, yield, N-fixation and absorption of mineral phosphate, J. Agric. Assoc, China 128:29–40.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zambolim, L. and Schenck, N.C. 1983, Reduction of the effects of pathogenic root infecting fungi on soybean by the mycorrhizal fungus, Glomus mosseae, Phytopathology 73: 1402–1405.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zombolim, L. and Schenck, N.C. 1984, Effect of Macrophomina, Rhizoctonia, Fusarium and the mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae on nodulated and non-nondulated soybeans, Fitopathologia Brasiteiva 9: 129–138.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1999 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Mukerji, K.G. (1999). Mycorrhiza in Control of Plant Pathogens : Molecular Approaches. In: Mukerji, K.G., Chamola, B.P., Upadhyay, R.K. (eds) Biotechnological Approaches in Biocontrol of Plant Pathogens. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4745-7_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4745-7_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-7151-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-4745-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics