The Properties of Soils

Abstract

The physical and chemical attributes by which the soils are described are known as the physical and chemical soil properties. They are affected by the processes of soil formation, and exert a dominant influence on the fertility and agricultural potential of the soil. They will be considered in the following order:

• Visual and Morphological properties

  • These are the properties which can be described in the field, namely colour, texture and structure

• Physical Properties

  • These are classified as particle size distribution, pore space, moisture capacity and permeability. They determine the suitability of the soil as a medium for plant growth

• Chemical Properties

  • These are acidity, base exchange properties, organic matter content and salt concentration. They are indicative of soil fertility and can be measured by laboratory analysis