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Tumor Angiogenesis, Macrophages, and Cytokines

  • Chapter
Book cover Angiogenesis

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 476))

Abstract

Angiogenesis is a multistep program that involves the activation, proliferation, and migration of endothelial cells. In healthy body, except for reproductive cycle or embryogenesis, angiogenesis is strictly regulated by numerous factors to maintain homeostasis. Factors can be divided mainly in two categories, positive regulators and negative regulators. In pathological process like acute inflammation or wound repair, both positive and negative regulators are induced and activated, but quickly the response comes to the reduction. However, in oncogenesis, new vessel formation occurs repeatedly and chronically1-2. In the early stage of tumor progression, the alteration of the balance between positive regulators and negative regulators is limited only in the primary tumor site, but in the late stage/ clinical stage, this alteration is no longer localized in the local foci. Over expression of positive regulators and/or down regulation of negative regulators at systemic level are frequently observed. In this process, not only tumor cells but also various stromal cells such as macrophages, other leukocytes, fibroblasts and endothelial cells are responsible for the explosive induction of positive regulators. It is estimated that continuous interaction between tumor cells and stromal cells in a positive feedback loop enables a ceaseless. In this manuscript, we focused on the importance of stromal cells, particularly monocytic cells, and reviewed the role of cytokines in tumor angiogenesis.

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  1. Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital, 3-18-22, Honkomagome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113, Japan

    Hiroko Bando & Masakazu Toi

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  1. Hiroko Bando
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  1. University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Greece

    Michael E. Maragoudakis

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Bando, H., Toi, M. (2000). Tumor Angiogenesis, Macrophages, and Cytokines. In: Maragoudakis, M.E. (eds) Angiogenesis. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 476. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4221-6_21

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