Abstract
The concept that tumor growth is dependent on the formation of new blood vessels as a source of nutrients and oxygen has formed the basis for a novel therapeutic strategy against cancer (Folkman, 1992). The formation of new blood vessels permits rapid expansion of the tumor and increases the risk of metastatic spread. The process of angiogenesis involves three distinct steps as outlined in Figure 1. Angiogenesis is initiated by the secretion of cytokines by the tumor cells. These diffuse into the surrounding tissue containing preexisting blood vessels and activate normally quiescent vascular endothelial cells to proliferate and migrate towards the tumor. The migration of vascular endothelial cells is facilitated by the secretion of proteolytic enzymes such as collagenases and matrix metallo proteases which degrade the extracellular matrix and facilitate the invasion process. Finally, the vascular endothelial cells form a lumen and stop dividing. A crucial role for extracellular matrix (ECM) in the development of vasculature in physiological and pathological conditions has been demonstrated. The invasion, migration and proliferatio of vascular endothelial cells during angiogenesis is regulated by a class of molecules known as integrins.
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Kumar, C.C. et al. (2000). Targeting Integrins αvβ3 and αvβ5 for Bloking Tumor-Induced Angiogenesis. In: Maragoudakis, M.E. (eds) Angiogenesis. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 476. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4221-6_14
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4221-6_14
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