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Cellular Effects and Signalling Pathways Activated by the Anti-Coagulant Factor, Protein S, in Vascular Cells

Protein S Cellular Effects

  • Chapter
Angiogenesis

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 476))

Abstract

The anticoagulant factor protein S is a secreted vitamin K-dependent γ-carboxylated protein that is mainly synthesised in the liver but is also made by endothelial cells and megakaryocytes in culture. In previous studies we have shown that protein S acts as a mitogen for cultured human vascular smooth muscle cells. The synthesis and secretion of protein S by endothelial cells suggests that in addition to its role in the coagulation cascade, protein S may be an important autocrine factor implicated in the pathophysiology of the vascular system. The effects of protein S on hVSMC proliferation, migration and survival are discussed. The activation of the components of the MAP kinase pathway, ERK1/2, JNK/SAPK and p38 is also summarised. Binding and chemical cross-linking experiments provided evidence for the existence of a cell surface protein S receptor(s). By virtue of its many cellular effects, it is suggested here that the anticoagulant factor protein S plays an important role in the pathophysiology of the vasculature.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Mount Vernon Hospital, Tumour Microcirculation Group, Gray Laboratory Cancer Research Trust, PO Box 100, Northwood, Middlesex, HA6 2JR, UK

    Chryso Kanthou

  2. Thrombosis Resesarch Institute, Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Emmanuel Kaye Building, Manresa Road, SW3 6LR, UK

    Omar Benzakour

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  1. Chryso Kanthou
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  2. Omar Benzakour
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  1. University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Greece

    Michael E. Maragoudakis

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Kanthou, C., Benzakour, O. (2000). Cellular Effects and Signalling Pathways Activated by the Anti-Coagulant Factor, Protein S, in Vascular Cells. In: Maragoudakis, M.E. (eds) Angiogenesis. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 476. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4221-6_13

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4221-6_13

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-6895-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-4221-6

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