Abstract
Any consideration of the structural classes of arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs) also raises the question, “What is an AGP?” The AGPs belong to the Hyp-rich glycoprotein (HRGP) family of molecules that also includes the extensins, Pro/Hyp-rich glycoproteins (P/HRGPs) and the solanaceous lectins (Showalter 1993, Kieliszewski and Lamport 1994, Du et al 1996a, Sommer-Knudsen et al 1998). In general, three criteria have defined AGPs: the presence of arabinogalactan chains, a Hyp-rich protein backbone and the ability to bind to a class of synthetic phenylazo dyes, the β-glycosyl Yariv et al 1962, Clarke et al 1979, Fincher et al 1983). It may now be necessary to reconsider our definitions. Arabinogalactan chains are found on proteins that do not bind the Yariv reagent [e.g., AG-peptide from wheat (Fincher et al 1974) and two glycoproteins from styles (Lind et al 1994, Sommer-Knudsen et al 1996)]. Some AGPs are Hyp-deficient, and others have short oligoarabinosides previously thought to be characteristic of the extensins and solanaceous lectins (Qi et al 1991, Baldwin et al 1993). This degree of variability is similar to that observed in glycosylation and protein backbones of the animal extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (Hardingham and Fosang 1992, Verma and Davidson 1994). These general criteria easily distinguish AGPs from the extensins and solanaceous lectins, but the boundaries between AGPs and P/HRGPs are less clearly defined. This variability raises several issues: (1) Are the criteria outlined above sufficient? (2) The AGPs are a family of molecules with different protein backbones, each existing as multiple glycoforms. Is there a distinct boundary between AGPs and P/HRGPs, or is the HRGP family a continuum of molecules? (3) Can the knowledge and experiences from the animal proteoglycan field provide additional criteria that would clarify our definitions?
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Bacic, A. et al. (2000). Structural Classes of Arabinogalactan-Proteins. In: Nothnagel, E.A., Bacic, A., Clarke, A.E. (eds) Cell and Developmental Biology of Arabinogalactan-Proteins. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4207-0_2
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