Skip to main content

Nonlinear Optical Spectroscopy in Conjugated Polymeric Thin Films

  • Chapter
Book cover Frontiers of Polymer Research

Abstract

Conjugated polymers with quasi-one dimensional π electron delocalization represent a great potential for applications in nonlinear optical devices. This is due to their enhanced, electronic hyperpolarizability and connected with that fast, under picosecond response time. On the other hand the rich electronic structure of these polymers gives rise to different resonance enhancements in cubic susceptibility. A systematic study of such resonances is interesting from both fundamental and practical points of view as it will be discussed later.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 99.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Orr, B. J. and J. F. Ward, Perturbation theory of the nonlinear optical polarization of an isolated system, Mol. Phys. , 20, 513 (1971).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. F. Kajzar, L. Rothberg, S. Etemad, P. A. Chollet, D. Grec, A. Boudet and T. Jedju, Saturation absorption and Kerr susceptibility in poly - diacetylene Langmuir-Blodgett film, Opt. Commun. , 66, 55 (1988).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. B. I. Greene J. Orenstein,R. R. Millard and L. R. Williams, Nonlinear optical response of excitons confined to one dimension, Phys. Rev. Lett. , 58, 2750 (1987).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. G. Ruani, A. J. Pal, R. Zamboni, C. Taliani and F. Kajzar, Photoinduced absorption and nonlinear optical response in a polycondensed thiophene based polymer PTT, in Conjugated polymeric materials: opportunities in electronics, optoelectronics and molecular electronics, J. L. Bredas and R. R. Chance (Eds), NATO ASI series, Series E, vol. 182, Kluwer Academic Publ. , Dordrecht 1990, pp. 429–441.

    Google Scholar 

  5. F. Kajzar and Messier J., Third harmonic generation in liquids, Phys. Rev. A, 32, 2352 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. F. Kajzar, J. Messier and C. Rosilio, Nonlinear Optical Properties of Polysilane Thin Films, J. Appl. Phys. , 60,3040 (1986).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. J. C. Baumert, G. C. Bjorklund, D. H. Jundt, M. C. Jurich, H. Looser, R. D. Miller, J. Rabolt, R. Sooriyakumaran, J. D. Swalen and R. J. Twieg, Temperature dependence of the third-order nonlinear optical susceptibilities in polysilanes and polygermanes, Appl. Phys. Lett. , 53,1147 (1988).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. W. E. Torruellas, D. Neher, R. Zanoni, G. I. Stegeman, F. Kajzar and M. Leclerc, Dispersion measurement of the third order nonlinear susceptibility of nonlinear susceptibility of polythiophene thin films, Chem. Phys. Lett. ,175,11 (1990).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. W. E. Torruellas, K. B. Rochford, R. Zanoni, S. Aramaki and G. I. Stegeman, The cubic susceptibility dispersion of poly (4-BCMU) thin films: third harmonic generation and two-photon absorption measure - ments, Opt. Commun. (in press).

    Google Scholar 

  10. F. Charra. ,J. Messier, C. Sentein, A. Pron and M. Zagorska, Influence of conformation on two photon-spectra of polyalkyithiophene, in Organic molecules for nonlinear optics and photonics, J. Messier, F. Kajzar and P. Prasad (Eds), NATO ASI Series, Series E. , Kluwer Academic Publ. , Dordrecht 1991, pp. 263–272.

    Google Scholar 

  11. F. Kajzar and J. Messier, Resonance enhancement in cubic suscepti - bility of Langmuir-Blodgett multilayers of polydiacetylene, Thin Sol. Films, 132, 11 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. B. S. Hudson, B. E. Kohler and K. Shulten, in Excited States, E. C. Lim ed. , Academic Press, New York 1982, vol. 6, pp. 1–52.

    Google Scholar 

  13. B. E. Kohler, The polyene 21A state in polyacetylene photoinduced absorption and thermal isomerization, J. Chem. Phys. , 88, 2788 (1988).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. B. E. Kohler and D. E. Schilke, J. Chem. Phys. , Low-lying singlet states of a short polydiacetylene oligomer, J. Chem. Phys. , 86, 5214–5215 (1987).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. G. W. Hayden and E. J. Mele, Phys. Rev. B, 34, 5484 (1986)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. S. N. Dixit, D. Guo and S. Mazumdar, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 194, 33 (1991).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Z. G. Soos, P. C. M. McWilliams and G. W. Hayden, Coulomb correlations and two-photon spectra of conjugated polymers, Chem. Phys. Lett. 171, 14 (1990).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. D. Baerisswyl, D. K. Campbell and S. Mazumdar, An overview of the theory of n-conjugated polymers, in The physics of conducting poly - mers, H. Kiess ed. , Springer Verlag, Berlin 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Kajzar F. and J. Messier, Cubic nonlinear optical effects in conjugated polymers, Polymer J. , 19, 275–284 (1987)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Kajzar F. , S. Etemad, G. L. Baker and J. Messier, 3 of trans - (CH) experimental observation of 2A excited state, Synthetic Met. , 17,x 563–567 (1987).

    Google Scholar 

  21. W. S. Fann, S. Benson, J. M. J. Madey, S. Etemad, G. L. Baker and F. Kajzar, Spectrum of X (3) (-3w;w,w,w) in polyacetylene: an appli - cation of the free electron laser in nonlinear optical spectroscopy, Phys. Rev. Lett. , 62, 1492 (1989).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. S. Etemad, P. D. Townsend, G. L. Baker and Z. Soos, Two-photon ab - sorption in polydiacetylene based waveguides, in Organic molecules for nonlinear optics and photonics, J. Messier, F. Kajzar and P. Prasad eds, NATO ASI Series, vol. 194, Kluwer Akademic Publ. , Dordrecht 1991, p. 489.

    Google Scholar 

  23. W. E. Torruellas, The optical cubic susceptibility dispersion of some transparent thin films, Thesis, University of Arizona at Tucson, December 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  24. F. Kajzar, J. Messier, C. Sentein, R. L. Elsenbaumer and G. G. Miller, Cubic susceptibility of polythiophene solutions and films, in Nonlinear optical properties of organic materials II, G. Khanarian (Ed. ), Proc. SPIE vol. 1147, 36 (1990).

    Google Scholar 

  25. T. Kanetake, Ishikawa K. , Hasegawa T. , Koda T. , Takeda K. , Hasegawa M. , Kubodera K. and Kobayashi M. , Nonlinear optical properties of highly oriented polydiacetylene evaporated films, Appl. Phys. Lett. , 54, 2287 (1989).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. J. Le Moigne, A. Thierry, P. A. Chollet, F. Kajzar and J. Messier, Morphology, linear and nonlinear optical studies of poly (1,6-di (N-carbazolyl) -2,4 hexadiyne) thin films (pDCH), J. Chem. Phys. , 88, 6647 (1988).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. P. A. Chollet, Kajzar F. and Messier J., Frequency and temperature variations of cubic susceptibility in polydiacetylenes, in Nonlinear optical and electroactive polymers, P. N. Prasad and D. R. Ulrich (Eds), Plenum Publ. Corp, New York 1988, pp. 121–135.

    Google Scholar 

  28. D. Fichou, F. Garnier, F. Charra, F. Kajzar and J. Messier, Linear and nonlinear optical properties of thiophene oligomers, in Organic materials for nonlinear optics, R. A. Hann and D. Bloor (Eds), The Royal Society of Chemistry Special Publication, n°69, London 1989, pp. 176–182.

    Google Scholar 

  29. D. Neher, A. Wolf, C. Bubeck and G. Wegner, Third harmonic generation inpolyphenylacetylene: exact determination of nonlinear optical susceptibilities in ultrathin films, Chem. Phys. Lett. , 163, 116 (1989).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. D. Neher, A. Wolf, M. Leclerc, A. Kaltbeitzel, C. Bubeck C. and G. Wegner,Optical third harmonic generation in substituted poly (phenylacetylene)s and (poly (3-decylthiophene)s, Synth. Met. , 34, 249 (1990).

    Google Scholar 

  31. R. R. Chance, M. L. Shand, C. Hogg and R. Silbey, Three-wave mixing in conjugated polymer solutions: Two-photon absorption in polydiacetylenes, Phys. Rev. B, 22, 3540 (1980).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Y. Kawabe, F. Jarka, N. Peygambarian, D. Guo, S. Mazumdar, S. N. Dixit and F. Kajzar, Roles of band states and two-photon transitions in the electro-absorption of a polydiacetylene, submitted for publication.

    Google Scholar 

  33. P. A. Chollet, F. Kajzar and J. Messier, Electric field induced optical second harmonic generation and polarization effects in polydiace-tylene films, in Polydiacetylenes. Synthesis, Structure and Electro-nic Properties, D. Bloor and R. R. Chance (Eds), NATO ASI Series, vol. E102, Martinus Nijhof Publ. , Dordrecht 1985.

    Google Scholar 

  34. P. A. Chollet, F. Kajzar and J. Messier, Electric field induced op - tical second harmonic generation and polarization effect in polydiacetylene Langmuir-Blodgett multilayers, Thin Sol. Films, 132, 1 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Chollet P. A. , F. Kajzar and J. Messier, Resonances of cubic nonli - near optical susceptibilities in polydiacetylenes, in Nonlinear optics of organics and semiconductors, T. Kobayashi (Ed. ), Springer Verlag, Berlin 1988, pp. 171–179.

    Google Scholar 

  36. F. Kajzar, G. Ruani, C. Taliani, and R. Zamboni, Frequency variation of cubic susceptibility in new conjugated polymers: PTT and PDTB, Synth. Metals, 37, 223 (1990).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Kajzar F. , I. R. Girling and I. R. Peterson,Third-order hyperpola - rizability of centrosymmetric Langmuir-Blodgett films of stilbazo -lium dyes, Thin Sol. Films, 160, 209–215 (1987).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Sauteret C. , J. P. Hermann, R. Frey, F. Pradere, J. Ducuing, R. M. Baughman and R. R. Chance, Optical nonlinearities in one-dimensional conjugated polymer crystals, Phys. Rev. Lett. , 36, 956 (1976).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Krausch F., Winter E. and Leising G., Optical third harmonic generation in polyacetylene, Phys. Rev. B, 39, 3701–3710 (1989)•

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. M. R. Drury, Observation of third harmonic generation in oriented Durham polyacetylene, Sol. State Commun. , 68, 417 (1988).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. F. Kajzar, I. Ledoux and J. Zyss, Electric-field induced optical second harmonic generation in polydiacetylene solutions, Phys. Rev. A 36, 2210 (1987).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. F. Kajzar. ,Cubic susceptibility of organic molecules in solution, in Nonlinear optical effects in organic polymers, J. Messier, F. Kajzar, P. Prasad and D. Ulrich (Eds), NATO ASI Series, Series E, vol. 162, Kluwer Academic Publ. , Dordrecht 1989, pp. 225–245.

    Google Scholar 

  43. W. H. Glenn, Second harmonic generation by picosecond optical pulses, IEEE J. Quantum Electron. , QE-5, 248 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1991 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Kajzar, F. (1991). Nonlinear Optical Spectroscopy in Conjugated Polymeric Thin Films. In: Prasad, P.N., Nigam, J.K. (eds) Frontiers of Polymer Research. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3856-1_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3856-1_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-6721-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-3856-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics