Abstract
Aromatic amines and heterocyclic amines, which are included in food pyrolysates, show their mutagenicities to Salmonella and mammalian cells in the presence of activating system, S9-mix, added externally (Sugimura and Sato, 1983; Kato, 1986; Kato and Yamazoe, 1987). These aromatic and heterocyclic amines are N-hydroxylated at the amino moiety by cytochrome P-450 species, especially P-448-H (P-450d) type enzymes in the liver microsomes of experimental animals (Sugimura and Sato, 1983; Kato, 1986; Kato and Yamazoe, 1987; Yamazoe et al., 1988). The resulting N-hydroxyarylamines are capable of forming covalent bonds with biological macromolecules, such as nucleic acids and proteins, but further metabolic activations are needed to produce the maximal mutagenic activity (Kato and Yamazoe, 1987). These metabolic activations consist of enzymic esterifications, such as amino acid O-acylation, 0-acetylation, N,O-acetyltransfer and O-sulfation, which generate reactive ultimate forms.
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Abbreviations
- Glu-P-1:
-
2-amino-6-methyldiphenyl-dipyrido [1,2-a: 3′,2′-d]imidazole
- Trp-P-2:
-
3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido [4,3-b]indole
- IQ:
-
2-amino-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline
- MeIQx:
-
2-amino-3,8-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline
- MC:
-
3-methylcholanthrene
- PCB:
-
polychlorinated biphenyl
- AHH:
-
arylhydrocarbon hydroxylase
- AF:
-
2-aminofluorene
- AAF:
-
2-acetylaminofluorene
- PABA:
-
p-aminobenzoic acid
- AAB:
-
4-aminoazobenzene
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Kato, R., Yamazoe, Y. (1990). Enzymic Aspects on the Metabolic Activation of Aromatic and Heterocyclic Amine Mutagens in Mammalian and Bacterial Cells. In: Kappas, A. (eds) Mechanisms of Environmental Mutagenesis-Carcinogenesis. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3808-0_17
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3808-0_17
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