Abstract
Population inversion and amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) at soft x-ray wavelengths has been achieved using two methods of pumping: collisional and recombinational. In the collisionally excited x-ray laser, thermal electrons in the plasma excite the upper laser state. The inversion is a result of the faster deexcitation rate of the lower level. The first collisionally pumped laser was demonstrated by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL)1 in Ne-like Se. This scheme has been extensively studied in various other elements and extended to several Ni-like species.2 These experiments used thin exploding-foil targets to ensure that refraction effects are minimized. The pump laser burns through the target foil near the peak of the pulse, causing the foil to explode symmetrically. The resulting density profile is relatively flat in the central region and falls off in both directions along the incident laser axis. This allows x rays to propagate along the axis of the plasma and be significantly amplified before leaving the plasma.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
D._L. Matthews, P. L. Hagelstein, M. D. Rosen, M. J. Eckart, N. M. Ceglio, A. U. Hazi, H. Medecki, B. J. MacGowan, J. E. Trebes, B. L. Whitten, E. M. Campbell, C. W. Hatcher, A. M. Hawryluk, R. L. Kaufman, L. D. Pleasance, G. Rambach, J. Scofield, G. Stone, and T. A. Weaver, “Demonstration of a Soft X-Ray Amplifier,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 54:110 (1985).
C._J. Keane, N. M. Ceglio, B. J. MacGowan, D. L. Matthews, D. G. Nilson, J. E. Trebes, and D. A. Whelan, “Soft X-Ray Laser Source Development and Applications Experiments at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory,” J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 22:3343 (1989)
R. A. London, M. D. Rosen, M. S. Maxon, D. C. Eder, and P. L. Hagelstein, “Theory and Design of Soft X-Ray Laser Experiments at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory,” J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 22:3363 (1989).
T._N. Lee, E. A. Mclean, and R. C. Elton, “Soft X-Ray Lasing in Neonlike Germanium and Copper Plasmas,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 59:1185 (1987).
D. Kim, C. H. Skinner, A. Wouters, E. Valeo, D. Voorhees, and S. Suckewer, “Soft X-Ray Amplification in Lithiumlike Al XI (154 Å) and Si XII (129 Å),” J.Opt. Soc. Am. B 6:115 (1989).
P. Jaegle, G. Jamelot, A. Carillon, A. Klisnick, A. Sureau, and H. Guennou, “Soft-X-Ray Amplification by Lithiumlike Ions in Recombining Hot Plasmas,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 4:563 (1987)
G. J. Pert, “Recombination Lasers in the XUV Spectral Region,” Plasma Phys. & Controlled Fusion 27:1427 (1985)
S. Suckewer, C. H. Skinner, H. Milchberg, C. Keane, and D. Voorhees, “Amplification of Stimulated Soft-X-Ray Emission in a Confined Plasma Column,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 55:1753 (1985)
J. F. Seely, C. M. Brown, U. Feldman, M. Richardson, B. Yaakobi, and W. E. Behring, “Evidence for Gain on the C VI 182 Å Transition in a Radiation-Cooled Selenium/Formvar Plasma,” Opt. Commun. 54:289 (1985)
P. R. Herman, T. Tachi, K. Shihoyama, H. Shiraga, and Y. Kato, “Soft X-Ray Recombination Laser Research at the Institute of Laser Engineering,” IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 16:520 (1988).
T. Hara, K. Ando, N. Kusakabe, H. Yashiro, and Y. Aoyagi, “Soft X-Ray Lasing in Al Plasma Produced by a Low Power Laser,” Proc. Japan. Acad. 65:60 (1989).
J._H. Scofield, private communication.
W. Seka, J. M. Soures, S. D. Jacobs, L. D. Lund, and R. S. Craxton, “GDL: A High-Power 0.35 µm Laser Irradiation Facility,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE-17:1689 (1981).
B._L. Henke, S. L. Kwok, J. Y. Uejio, H. T. Yamada, and G. C. Young, “Low-Energy X-Ray Response of Photographic Films. I. Mathematical Models,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 1:818 (1984)
B. L. Henke, F. G. Fujiwara, M. A. Tester, C. H. Dittmore, and M. A. Palmer, “Low-Energy X-Ray Response of Photographic Films. II. Experimental Characterization,” J. Opt. Soc. Am B 1:828 (1984).
J. Nilsen, private communication.
B. Boswell, D. Shvarts, T. Boehly, and B. Yaakobi, “X-Ray Laser Beam Propagation in Double-Foil Targets,” to appear in Phys. Fluids B.
R._S. Craxton, “X-Ray Laser Emission from Long Line-Focus Plasmas,” 10th Annual Anomalous Absorption Conference, Durango, CO, 19–23 June 1989; also R. S. Craxton, “CASER — A New Code for Calculating the X-Ray Laser Emission from Line-Focus Plasmas,” LLE Review 38:88 (1989).
M. Klapisch, “A Program for Atomic Wavefunction Computations by the Parametric Potential Method,” Comput. Phys. Commun. 2:239 (1971).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1991 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Boehly, T., McCoy, D., Russotto, M., Wang, J., Yaakobi, B. (1991). Observation of Gain on XUV Transitions in Ne-Like and Li-Like Ions. In: Hora, H., Miley, G.H. (eds) Laser Interaction and Related Plasma Phenomena. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3804-2_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3804-2_12
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-6696-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-3804-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive