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Paramyxovirus RNA Synthesis and P Gene Expression

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The Paramyxoviruses

Part of the book series: The Viruses ((VIRS))

Abstract

Five RNA virus families have now been classified as negative stranded: paramyxoviruses and rhabdoviruses, which contain nonsegmented genomes, and arenaviruses, bunyaviruses, and influenza viruses, which contain two, three, and seven to eight segments, respectively. The name was coined to distinguish this group from that of plus-strand RNA viruses, such as poliovirus, when it became clear that the free genomic RNAs of the former were not infectious, their mRNAs were the complements of the genomes, and these virions contained an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Although some genome segments of arenaviruses and some bunyaviruses code for mRNAs of both polarities and are referred to as ambisense (Auperin et al., 1984), the term negative stranded applies here as well, to the extent that all these viruses follow a basic replication strategy. For all these viruses, the genomic RNA is tightly bound with at least ten times its weight of the major structural protein (NP or N) in the form of a helical nucleocapsid (NC) and cannot be translated (Leung et al., 1977), even in the case of ambisense genomes which contain protein-coding sequences near their 5′ ends. Genome replication therefore begins with mRNA synthesis from the infecting genomes, by the associated viral polymerase. The proteins resulting from these primary transcripts are required for genome amplification, which takes place via a full-length complement of the (−) genome, the antigenome, which is also found only as an NC structure.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, University of Geneva Medical School, C.M.U., 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland

    Daniel Kolakofsky, Sylvia Vidal & Joseph Curran

Authors
  1. Daniel Kolakofsky
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  2. Sylvia Vidal
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  3. Joseph Curran
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

    David W. Kingsbury

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© 1991 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Kolakofsky, D., Vidal, S., Curran, J. (1991). Paramyxovirus RNA Synthesis and P Gene Expression. In: Kingsbury, D.W. (eds) The Paramyxoviruses. The Viruses. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3790-8_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3790-8_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-6689-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-3790-8

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