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Epidemiology of Paramyxoviridae

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Book cover The Paramyxoviruses

Part of the book series: The Viruses ((VIRS))

Abstract

All Paramyxoviridae are extremely infectious, and there is little chance for anybody living in a cosmopolitan community to get through a full life without being infected by wild or attenuated forms of all the paramyxoviruses adapted to humans. Their common structure is labile and all viruses of this family are dependent on transmission by close association of hosts. They do not survive drying on a solid surface, nor are they sufficiently stable in water to be transmitted by this vehicle with regularity. They are inactivated by stomach acid and intestinal enzymes, and do not infect via the gut. Very efficient infection occurs through aerosolized virus, and direct physical contact between hosts is not required. Drying in an aerosol does not inactivate them and it is probably the surface tension forces involved in drying on a surface, not drying per se, that inactivates. Urine may be an important source of the aerosols (Gresser and Katz, 1960). These viruses infect through mucous membranes (Papp, 1956; Black and Sheridan, 1960), but measles virus, at least, infects most efficiently when introduced in droplets small enough to reach into the lungs (McCrumb et al., 1962).

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  1. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06510, USA

    Francis L. Black

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  1. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

    David W. Kingsbury

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Black, F.L. (1991). Epidemiology of Paramyxoviridae . In: Kingsbury, D.W. (eds) The Paramyxoviruses. The Viruses. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3790-8_19

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