Abstract
Many of the neurological diseases of children and adolescents have a paroxysmal nature, with symptoms that are intermittent and occur in attacks which begin suddenly and may end quickly. Seizure disorders are the best known of this class of conditions. Although the diagnosis of seizures usually presents little clinical challenge, especially if the attacks are associated with impairment of consciousness, there are many unusual variants which, although relatively common, are not widely known and are often the source of diagnostic confusion. The situation is further complicated by the fact that paroxysmally occurring abnormal movements, or impairment of consciousness, can be the result of many disease processes other than seizure disorders. This review will provide an approach to understanding the conditions that present paroxysmally in childhood and adolescence.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Bennett, H. S., Selman, J. E., Rapin, I., and Rose, A., 1982, Nonconvulsive epileptiform activity appearing as ataxia, Am. J. Dis. Child. 136:29–32.
Berrios, X., Quesney, F., Morales, A., Blazquez, J., and Bisno, A. L., 1985, Are all recurrences of “pure” Sydenham chorea true recurrences of acute rheumatic fever? J. Pediatr. 107:867–872.
Breningstall, G. N., 1985, Gelastic seizures, precocious puberty, and hypothalamic hamartoma, Neurology 35:1180–1183.
Brenner, R. P., and Seelinger, D. F., 1979, Drawing-induced seizures, Arch. Neurol. 36:515–516.
Burke, R. E., Fahn, S., and Marsden, C. D., 1986, Torsion dystonia: A double-blind, prospective trial of high-dosage trihexyphenidyl, Neurology 36:160–164.
Caine, E. D., McBride, M. C., Chiverton, P., Bamford, K. A., Rediess, S., and Shiao, J., 1988, Tourette’s syndrome in Monroe County school children, Neurology 38:471–476.
Cohen, R. J., and Suter, C., 1981, Hysterical seizures: Suggestions as a provocative EEG test, Ann. Neurol. 11:391–395.
DeRomanis, F., Feliciani, M., and Ruggieri, S., 1986, Rolandic paroxysmal epilepsy: A long term study in 150 children, Ital. J. Neurol. Sci. 7:77–80.
Dyhanaraj, M., Radhakrishnan, A. R., Srinivas, K., and Sayeed, Z. A., 1985, Sodium valproate in Sydenham’s chorea, Neurology 35:114–115.
Eeg-Olofsson, O., Petersen, I., and Sellden, U., 1971, The development of the electroencephalogram in normal children from the age of 1 through 15 years. Paroxysmal activity, Neuropaediatrie 4:375–404.
Erenberg, G., Cruse, R. P., and Rothner, A. D., 1985, Gilles de la Tourette’s syndrome: Effect of stimulant drugs, Neurology 35:1346–1348.
Erenberg, G., Cruse, R. P., and Rothner, A. D., 1987, The natural history of Tourette syndrome: A follow-up study, Ann. Neurol. 22:383–385.
Fahn, S., 1984, The varied clinical expression of dystonia, Neurol. Clin. 2:541–553.
Forster, F. M., Richards, J. F., Panitah, H. S., Huisman, R. E., and Paulsen, R. E., 1975, Reflex epilepsy evoked by decision making, Arch. Neurol. 32:54–56.
Golden, G. S., 1984, Movement disorders in children, in: Practice of Pediatrics (Y. C. Kelley, ed.), Harper & Row, New York.
Golden, G. S., 1987, Tic disorders in childhood, Pediatr. Rev. 3:229–234.
Gordon, T. A., Moodie, D. S., Passalacqua, M., Sterba, R., Rothner, A. D., Erenberg, G., and Cruse, R. P., 1987, A retrospective analysis of the cost-effective workup of syncope in children, Cleveland Clin. Q. 54:321–394.
Holmes, G. L., 1986, Partial seizures in children, Pediatrics 77:725–731.
Holmes, G. L., Sackellares, J. C., Kiernan, J., Ragland, M., and Dreifuss, F. E., 1980, Evaluation of childhood pseudoseizures using EEG telemetry and video tape monitoring, J. Pediatr. 97:553–558.
Horn, C. A., Beekman, R. H., Dick, M., and Lacina, S. J., 1986, The congenital long QT syndrome, Am. J. Dis. Child. 140:659–661.
Katzman, B., Lu, L. W., and Tiwari, R. P., 1981, Spasmus nutans in identical twins, Ann. Ophthalmol. 13: 1193–1195.
Kinast, M., Erenberg, G., and Rothner, A. D., 1980a, Paroxysmal choreoathetosis: Report of five cases and review of the literature, Pediatrics 65:74–77.
Kinast, M., Levin, H. S., Rothner, A. D., Erenberg, G., Wacksman, J., and Judge, J., 1980b, Cerebellar ataxia, opsoclonus, and occult neural crest tumor: Abdominal computerized tomography in diagnosis, Am. J. Dis. Child. 134: 1057–1059.
Krumholz, A., and Niedermeyer, E., 1983, Psychogenic seizures: A clinical study with follow-up data, Neurology 33:498–502.
Leckman, J. F., Detlov, J., Harcherik, D. F., Ort, S., Shaywitz, B. A., and Cohen, D.J., 1985, Short and long term treatment of Tourette’s syndrome with clonidine: A clinical perspective, Neurology 35:343–351.
Loiseau, P., Pestre, M., Dartigues, J. F., Commenges, D., Barberger-Gateau, C., and Cohadon, S., 1983, Long-term prognosis in two forms of childhood epilepsy: Typical absence seizures and epilepsy with rolandic (centrotemporal) EEG foci, Ann. Neurol. 13:642–648.
Mitchell, A. A., Lovejoy, F. H., and Goldman, P., 1976, Drug ingestions associated with miosis in comatose children, J. Pediatr. 89:303–305.
Mizrahi, E. M., 1984, Electroencephalographic/polygraphic/video monitoring in childhood epilepsy, J. Pediatr. 105: 1–9.
Nausieda, P. A., Grossman, B. J., Koller, W. C., Weiner, W. J., and Klawans, H. L., 1980, Sydenham chorea: An update, Neurology 30:331–334.
Ogunyemi, A. O., Gomez, M. R., and Klass, D. W., 1988, seizures induced by exercise, Neurology 38:633–634.
Pauls, D. L., Kruger, S. D., Leckman, J. F., Cohen, D. J, and Kidd, K. K., 1984, The risk of Tourette’s syndrome and chronic multiple tics among relatives of Tourette’s syndrome patients obtained by direct interview, J. Am. Acad. Child Psychiatr. 2:134–137.
Paulson, G. W., 1982, Benign essential tremor: Features that aid in diagnosis, Postgrad. Med. 71:105–107.
Price, R. A. Kidd, K. K., Cohen, D.J, Pauls, D. L., and Leckman, J. F., 1985, A twin study of Tourette syndrome, Arch. Gen. Psychiatr. 42:815–820.
Rett Syndrome Diagnostic Criteria Work Group, 1988, Diagnostic criteria for Rett syndrome, Ann. Neurol. 23:425–428.
Salinsky, M., Kanter, R., and Dasheiff, R. M., 1987, Effectiveness of multiple EEGs in supporting the diagnosis of epilepsy: An operational curve, Epilepsia 28:331–334.
Stephenson, J. B. P., 1978, Reflex anoxic seizures (“white breath-holding”): Non-epileptic vagal attacks, Arch. Dis. Child. 53: 193–200.
Swaiman, K. F., and Frank, Y, 1978, Seizure headaches in children, Dev. Med. Child Neurol. 20:580–585.
Werlin, S. L., Grand, R. J, Perman, J. A., and Watkins, J. B., 1978, Diagnostic dilemmas of Wilson’s disease: Diagnosis and treatment, Pediatrics 62:47–51.
Yamamoto, N., Watanabe, K., Negoro, T., Takaesu, E., Aso, K., Furune, S., and Takahashi, I., 1987, Complex partial seizures in children: Ictal manifestations and their relation to clinical course, Neurology 37:1379–1382.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1991 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Golden, G.S. (1991). Movement Disorders and Paroxysmal Behaviors in Children and Adolescents. In: Gottlieb, M.I., Williams, J.E. (eds) Developmental-Behavioral Disorders. Critical Issues in Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3714-4_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3714-4_7
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-6652-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-3714-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive