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The Lactic Microflora of Pigs, Mice and Rats

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The Lactic Acid Bacteria Volume 1

Abstract

The bodies of healthy vertebrate animals harbour a large and complex collection of microbes. These microbes are referred to collectively as the normal microflora. Although the microflora contains fungal and protozoan members, bacterial species predominate. Viruses, while commonly detected in clinically healthy animals, are obligate intracellular parasites and are generally not included as members of the normal microflora. Body surfaces, or sites within the body that open to the external environment by one or more orifices, are colonised by a microflora. Since each body site has characteristic host-derived secretions and functions associated with it, different collections of microbes have evolved in association with each body region. Thus the normal microflora of the skin differs from that of the oral cavity, digestive tract or vagina. Each body site and its associated microflora comprises an ecosystem in which intermicrobial and microbe—host interactions occur (Tannock, 1981, 1988a). In adult animals, an apparently stable situation exists since microbiological sampling of the ecosystem reveals the presence of the same microbial species, in the same proportions, over a period of time (Savage, 1977). The concept of a stable ecosystem is now being challenged, however, since there is evidence that the strains representing a particular species in the ecosystem change with time (Tannock et al., 1990a).

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  1. Department of Microbiology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand

    Gerald W. Tannock

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  1. Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK

    Brian J. B. Wood

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Tannock, G.W. (1992). The Lactic Microflora of Pigs, Mice and Rats. In: Wood, B.J.B. (eds) The Lactic Acid Bacteria Volume 1. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3522-5_2

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