Abstract
Ample evidence for tissue perfusion inhomogeneity has been provided in resting and stimulated skeletal muscle preparations by microsphere embolization (Cerretelli et al., 1984; Iversen and Nicolaysen, 1989, 1990; Iversen et al., 1989; Marconi et al., 1988; Pendergast et al., 1985; Piiper et al., 1985), by inert gas washout (Grønlund et al., 1989; Piiper and Meyer, 1984), by local radioactive xenon clearance (Cerretelli et al., 1984), by observation of the variance of transit times, of the local tissue Po 2 heterogeneity and by other methods (cf. Piiper, 1985; Piiper, 1990). There is also morphometrical evidence for the irregularity of the capillary array in the myocardium (Turek and Rakusan, 1981; Hoofd et al., 1985; Rakusan et al., 1984) and in skeletal muscle (Egginton et al., 1988).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Cerretelli, P., Marconi, C., Pendergast, P., Meyer, M., Heisler, N., and Piiper, J., 1984, Blood flow in exercising muscle by xenon clearance and by microsphere trapping, J, Appl. Physiol., 56: 24–30.
Desjardins, G, and Duling, B.R., 1987, Microvessel hematocrit: measurement and implications for capillary oxygen transport, Am. J. Physiol., 252: H494 - H503.
Egginton, S., Turek, Z., and Hoofd, L., 1988, Differing patterns of capillary distribution in fish and mammalian skeletal muscle, Respir. Physiol., 74: 383–396.
Grønlund, J., Malvin, G.M., Hlastala, M.P., 1989, Estimation of blood flow distribution in skeletal muscle from inert gas washout, J. Appl. Physiol., 66: 1942–1955.
Groom, A.C., Ellis, C.G., and Potter, R.F., 1984, Microvascular architecture and red cell perfusion in skeletal muscle, in: “Progress in Applied Microcirculation, Vol. 5”, F. Hammersen and K. Messmer, eds., Karger, Basel, pp. 64–83.
Hoofd, L., Turek, Z., Kubat, K., Ringnalda, B.E.M., and Kazda, S., 1985, Variability of intercapillary distance estimated on histological sections of rat heart, Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 191: 239–247.
Iversen, P.O., and Nicolysen, G., 1989, Heterogeneous blood flow distribution within single skeletal muscles of the rabbit: role of vasomotion, sympathetic nerve activity and effect of vasodilation, Acta Physiol. Scand., 137: 125–133.
Iversen, P.O., and Nicolaysen, G., 1990, The distribution of blood flow and glucose uptake within single skeletal muscles in the awake rabbit, Acta Physiol. Scand., 140: 373–381. Iversen, P.O., Standa, M., and Nicolaysen, G., 1989, Marked regional heterogeneity in blood flow within skeletal muscle at rest and during exercise hyperemia in the rabbit, Acta Physiol. Scand., 136: 17–28.
Krogh, A., 1919, The number of distribution of capillaries in muscles with calculations of the oxygen pressure head necessary for supplying the tissue, J. Physiol., 52: 409–415.
Marconi, G, Heisler, N., Meyer, M., Weitz, H., Pendergast, D.R., Cerretelli, P., and Piiper, J., 1988, Blood flow distribution and its temporal variability in stimulated dog gastrocnemius muscle, Respir. Physiol., 74: 1–14.
Pendergast, D.R., Krasney, J.A., Ellis, A., McDonald, B., Marconi, C., and Cerretelli, P., 1985, Cardiac output and muscle blood flow in exercising dogs, Respir. Physiol., 61: 317–326.
Piiper, J., 1985, Mechanisms of functional shunting in mammalian skeletal muscle, in: “Cardiovascular Shunts” (Alfred Benzon Symposium 21), K. Johansen and W.W. Burggren, eds., Munksgaard, Copenhagen, pp. 467–485.
Piiper, J., 1990, Unequal distribution of blood flow in exercising muscle of the dog, Respir. Physiol., 80: 129–136.
Piiper, J., and Haab, P., 1991, Oxygen supply and uptake in tissue models with unequal distribution of blood flow and shunt, Respir. Physiol., 84: 261–271.
Piiper, J., and Meyer, M., 1984, Diffusion-perfusion relationship in skeletal muscle: models and experimental evidence from inert gas washout, in: “Oxygen Transport to Tissue V” (Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 169), D.W. Lübbers, H. Acker, E. Lehniger-Follert and T.K. Goldstick, eds., Plenum Press, New York, pp. 457–466.
Piiper, J., Pendergast, D.R., Marconi, G, Meyer, M., Heisler, H., and Cerretelli, P., 1985, Blood flow distribution in dog gastrocnemius muscle at rest and during stimulation, J. Appl. Physiol., 64: 241–251.
Piiper, J., and Scheid, P., 1986, Cross-sectional Po2 distribution in Krogh cylinder and solid cylinder models, Respir. Physiol., 64: 241–251.
Piiper, J., and Scheid, P., 1991, Diffusion limitation of O2 supply to tissue in homogeneous and heterogeneous models, Respir. Physiol., 85: 127–136.
Rakusan, K., Hoofd, L., and Turek, Z., 1984, The effect of cell size and capillary spacing on myocardial oxygen supply, Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 180: 463–475.
Turek, Z., and Rakusan, K., 1981, Lognormal distribution of intercapillary distance in normal and hypertrophic rat heart as estimated by the method of concentric circles: its effect on tissue oxygenation, Pflügers Arch., 391: 17–21.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1992 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Piiper, J. (1992). Oxygen Supply by Perfusion and Diffusion in Heterogeneous Tissue Models. In: Erdmann, W., Bruley, D.F. (eds) Oxygen Transport to Tissue XIV. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 317. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3428-0_73
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3428-0_73
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-6516-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-3428-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive