Skip to main content

Biochemical and Molecular Aspects of Retinoid Action in Limb Pattern Formation

  • Chapter
Developmental Patterning of the Vertebrate Limb

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((NSSA,volume 205))

  • 197 Accesses

Abstract

Retinoids are a class of naturally occurring compounds consisting of a hydrocarbon ring linked to an unsaturated hydrocarbon side chain with a polar terminal group. Retinoids have dramatic effects on differentiation and development. For example, retinoic acid (RA) alters positional identity in developing and regenerating systems: in the chick limb bud the anteroposterior axis is affected by locally applied RA (Tickle et al. 1982, 1985; Summerbell, 1983) and systemic and/or exogenous treatment with RA changes the rostrocaudal axis of Xenopus (Durston et al., 1989; Sive et al., 1990) and the proximodistal axis of the regenerating urodele limb (Maden, 1982; Thorns and Stocum, 1984).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Brand, N.J. Petkovich, M., Krust, A., Chambon, P., Marchio, A. Tiollais, P., and Dejean, A., 1988, Identification of a second human retinoic acid receptor, Nature 332: 850.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blomhoff, R., Green, M., Berg, T., and Norum, K., 1990, Transport and storage of vitamin A, Science, 250:399.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dollé, P. Ruberte, E. Kastner, P., Petkovich, M., Stoner, C.M., Gudas, L.J., and Chambon, 1989, Differential expression of genes encoding alpha, beta and gamma retinoic acid receptors and CRABP in the developing limbs of the mouse. Nature, 342:767.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dowling, J.E., and Wald, G., 1960, The biological function of vitamin A acid, Proc. natl. Acad. Sci., 46:587.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Durston, A.J., Timmermans, J.P.M., Hage, W.J., Hendriks, H.F.J., de Vries, N.J., Heideveld, M., and Nieuwkoop, P.D., 1989, Retinoic acid causes an anteroposterior transformation in the developing central nervous system, Nature,340:140.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Evans, R., 1988, The steroid and thyroid hormone receptor super-family, Science, 240:889.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gonzales, F., 1989, The molecular biology of cytochrome P450s, pharm. Rev.,40:244.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guiguère, V., Ong, E.S. Segui, P., and Evans, R.M., 1987. Indetification of a receptor for the morphogen retinoic acid, Nature 330: 624.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hornbruch, A., and Wolpert, L., 1986, Positional signalling by Hensen’s node when grafted to the chick limb bud, J. Embryol. Exp Morphol., 94:257.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Julia, P., Farrés, J., and Parés, X, 1986, Ocular alcohol dehydrogenase in the rat: regional distribution and kinetics of the ADH-1 isoenzyme with retinol and retinal, Exp. Eye Res., 42:305.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leo, M.A., Iida, S., and Lieber, C., 1984, Retinoic acid metabolism by a system reconstituted with cytochrome P-450, Arch. Riochem. Biophys., 234:305.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leo, M.A., Kim, C.-I., and Lieber, C., 1987, NAD+-dependent retinol dehydrogenase in liver microsomes, Arch.Biochem.Biophys. 259:241.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leo, M.A., Lasker, J., Raucy, J., Kim, C.-I., Black, M., and Lieber, C., 1989, Metabolism of retinol and retinoic acid by human liver cytochrome P450IIC8, Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 269:305.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maden, M., 1982, Vitamin A and pattern formation in the regenerating limb, Nature, 295:672.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maden, M., Ong, D.E., Summerbell, D., and Chityl, F., 1988, Spatial distribution of cellular protein binding to retinoic acid in the chick limb bud. Nature 335: 733.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mangelsdorf D.J. D.J., Ong, E.S., Dyck, J.A. and Evans R.M., 1990, Nuclear receptor that defines a novel retinoic acid response pathway. Nature 345:224.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Napoli, J.L., 1986, Retinol metabolism in LLC-PK1 cells, J. Biol. Chem., 261:13592.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Napoli, J.L., and Race, K.R., 1987, The biosynthesis of retinoic acid from retinol by rat tissues in vitro, Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 255:95.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nicotra, C., and Livrea, 1982, Retinol dehydrogenase from bovine retinal rod outer segments. Kinetic mechanism of the solubilized enzyme, J. Biol. Chem., 257:11836.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ong, D., Kakkad, B., and MacDonald,P.N., 1987, Acyl-CoAindependent esterification of retinol bound to cellular retinolbinding protein (type II) by microsomes from rat small intestine, J. Biol. Chem., 262:2729.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Perez-Castro, A.V., Toth-Rogler, L.E., Wei, L., Nguyen-Huu, M.C., 1989, Spatial and temporal pattern of expression of cellular retinoic acid binding protein and the cellular retinol binding protein during mouse embryogenesis. Proc. natl. Acad. Sci USA 86: 8813.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Petkovich, M. Brand, N.J., Krust, A., and Chambon, P., 1987, A human retinoic acid receptor that belongs to the family of nuclear receptors. Nature 330: 444.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Placzeck, M., Tessier-Lavigne, M., Jessell, T. and Dodd, J., 1990, Orientation of commissural axons in vitro in response to a floor plate-derived chemoattractant. Development, 110:19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roberts, A.B., Lamb, L.C., and Sporn, M., 1980, Metabolism of alltrans-retinoic acid in hamster liver microsomes: oxidation of 4hydroxy-to 4-keto-retinoic acid, Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 374:383.

    Google Scholar 

  • Saunders, J.W., and Gasseling, M.T., 1968, Ectodermal-mesenchymal interactions in the origin of limb symmetry,in: “EpithelialMesenchymal Interactions”, Fleischmajer, R., and Billingham, R.E., eds. p. 78. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore.

    Google Scholar 

  • Siegenthaler, G., Saurat, J.-H., and Ponec, M., 1990, Retinol and retinal metabolism,Biochem. J., 268:371.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sive, H., Draper, B., Harland, R., and Weintraub, H., 1990, Identification of a retinoic acid-sensitive period during primary axis formation in Xenopus laevis, Genes & Development, 4:932

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Summerbell, D., 1983, The effect of local application of retinoic acid to the anterior margin of the developing chick limb,J.Embryol. Exp. Morphol., 78:269.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Summerbell, D., and Harvey, F., 1983, Vitamin A and the control of pattern in developing limbs. Prog. Clin. Biol. Res., 110A: 109.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thaller, C., and Eichele, G., 1987, Identification and spatial distribution of retinoids in the developing chick limb, Nature, 327:625.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thaller, C., and Eichele, G., 1988, Characterization of retinoid metabolism in the chick limb bud, Development, 103:473.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thaller, C., and Eichele, G., 1990, Isolation of 3,4didehydroretinoic acid, a novel morphogenetic signal in the chick wing bud, Nature, 345:815.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thorns, S.D., and Stocum, D.L., 1984, Retinoic acid-induced pattern duplication in regenerating urodele limbs, Dey. Biol., 103:319.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tickle, C., Alberts, B.M., Wolpert, L., and Lee, J., 1982, Local application of retinoic acid to the limb bud mimics the action of the polarising region, Nature, 296:564.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tickle, C., Lee, J., and Eichele, G., 1985, A quantitative analysis of the effect of all-trans-retinoic acid on the pattern of chick wing development, Dev. Biol., 109:82.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Törmä, H., and Vahlquist, A., 1985, Biosynthesis of 3dehydroretinol (Vitamin A2) from all-trans-retinol (vitamin Al) in human epidermis, J. Invest. Dermatol., 85:498.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Törmä, H., and Vahlquist, A., 1988, Identification of 3dehydroretinol (vitamin A2) in mouse liver, Biochim. Biophys. Act._, 961:177.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tsin, A.T., Alvarez, R., Fong, S.-L., and Bridges, C., 1985, Conversion of retinol to 3,4-didehydroretinol in the tadpole, Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 81B:415.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vahlquist, A., 1980, The identification of dehydroretinol (vitamin A2) in human skin, Experientia, 36:317.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wagner, M., Thaller, C., Jessell, T., and Eichele, G., 1990, Polarizing activity and retinoid synthesis in the floor plate of the neural tube, Nature, 345:819.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wolpert, L., 1969, Positional information and the spatial pattern of cellular differentiation, J. theor. Biol. 25: 1.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yost, R., Harrison, E., and Ross, A.C., 1988, Esterification by rat liver microsomes of retinol bound to cellular retinol-binding protein, J. Biol. Chem., 263:18693.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zelent, A., Krust, A., Petkovich, M., Kastner P., and Chambon, P., 1989, Cloning of murine alpha and beta retinoic acid receptors and a novel receptor gamma predominantly expressed in skin. Nature 339: 714.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1991 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Janocha, R., Eichele, G. (1991). Biochemical and Molecular Aspects of Retinoid Action in Limb Pattern Formation. In: Hinchliffe, J.R., Hurle, J.M., Summerbell, D. (eds) Developmental Patterning of the Vertebrate Limb. NATO ASI Series, vol 205. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3310-8_18

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3310-8_18

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-6457-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-3310-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics