Abstract
To achieve low delay in speech coders, the redundancy removal must be accomplished in a backward adaptive fashion so that both long-and short-term predictors use only the decoder output for parameter adaptation. Numerous backward adaptive algorithms for updating the short-term predictor coefficients have been studied [1–4], and several look promising. In [5] comparative simulation results were presented for a fixed-tap predictor, three gradient-adapted transversal predictors, and two least squares lattice predictors when used in a differential pulse code modulation (DPCM) based code generator for tree coding of speech at 16 kilobits/s (kbits/s).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
J. D. Gibson, “Adaptive prediction for speech encoding,” ASSP Magazine, Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing Society, pp. 12–26, July 1984.
R. C. Reininger and J. D. Gibson, “Backward adaptive lattice and transversal predictors in ADPCM,” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. COM-33, pp. 74–82, Jan. 1985.
P. Yatrou and P. Mermelstein, “Ensuring predictor tracking in ADPCM speech coders under noisy transmission conditions,” IEEE J. Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 6, pp. 249–261, Feb. 1988.
V. Iyengar and P. Kabal, “A Low Delay 16 Kbits/sec. Speech Coder,” Proceedings. 1988 IEEE Int. Conf. Acoust., Speech, and Signal Proc., New York, NY, Apr. 11–14, 1988, pp. 243–246.
W. W. Chang and J. D. Gibson, “A Comparison of Adaptive Code Generators for Tree Coding of Speech,” Proceedings. Thirty-First Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, St. Louis, MO, Aug. 9–12, 1988, pp. 924–927.
N. S. Jayant and P. Noll, Digital Coding of Waveforms: Principles and Applications to Speech and Video, Prentice-Hall, New York, 1984.
J. B. Anderson and J. B. Bodie, “free encoding of speech,” IEEE Trans-Inform. Theory, vol. IT-21, pp. 379–387, July 1975.
J. D. Gibson and W. W. Chang, “Fractional Rate Multi-Tree Speech Coding,” Proceedings, 1989 IEEE Global Commun. Conf., Dallas, TX, Nov. 27–30, pp. 1906–1910.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1991 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Gibson, J.D., Cheong, Y.C., Woo, H.C., Chang, WW. (1991). Backward Adaptive Prediction Algorithms in Multi-Tree Speech Coders. In: Atal, B.S., Cuperman, V., Gersho, A. (eds) Advances in Speech Coding. The Springer International Series in Engineering and Computer Science, vol 114. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3266-8_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3266-8_2
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-6437-5
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-3266-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive