Abstract
It is well known that the cells of higher organisms are able to excrete unwanted foreign chemicals (pesticides, herbicides, aromatic amines used in the dye industries, etc.) after metabolic conversion. An important role in this process is performed by reduced glutathione (GSH) which is present at high concentrations (2mM) in all living cells. In human cells, such as erythrocytes, GSH can be conjugate to a number of electrophilic compounds by the catalytic reaction of glutathione S-transferase (GST).1–3 The intracellular glutathione S-conjugate is excreted from the erythrocytes by an ATP requiring transport system.4,5 This process plays an important role as a detoxification mechanism that protects the red blood cells (RBCs) as well as other tissue cells from injuries by xenobiotics.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
J. Booth, E. Boyland, and P. Sims, An enzyme from rat liver catalyzing conjugations with glutathione, Biochem. J. 79:516 (1961).
E. Boyland and L.F. Chasseaud, The role of glutathione and glutathione S-transferase in mercapturic acid biosynthesis, in: “Advances in Enzymology,” F.F. Nord, ed., Wiley Interscience, New York (1969).
C.J. Marcus, W.H. Habig, and W.B. Jakoby, Glutathione S- transferase from human erythrocytes: Non identity with enzymes from liver, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 188:287 (1978).
T. Kondo, M. Murao, and N. Taniguchi, Glutathione S-conjugate transport using inside-out vesicles from human erythrocytes, Eur. J. Biochem. 125:551 (1982).
E.F. LaBelle, S.V. Singh, S.K. Srivastava, and Y.C. Awasthi, Dinitrophenyl glutathione efflux from human erythrocytes is primary active ATP-dependent transport, Biochem. J. 238:443 (1986).
L.F. Chasseaud, The role of glutathione and glutathione S-transferases in the metabolism of chemicals carcinogens and other electrophilic agents, Adv. Cancer Res. 29:175 (1979).
E. Beutler,“Red Cell Metabolism. A Manual of Biochemical Methods,” Grune & Stratton, Orlando (1984).
C. Ropars, M. Chassaigne, M.C. Villereal, G. Avenard, C. Hurel, and C. Nicolau, Resealed red blood cells as a new blood transfusion product, in: “Red Bood Cells as Carriers for Drugs,” J.R. DeLoach and U. Sprandel, ed., Karger, Basel (1985).
A. Fazi, U. Mancini, E. Piatti, A. Accorsi, and M. Magnani, Human red blood cells as bioreactors for the inactivation of harmful xenobiotics, Biotech. Appl. Biochem. 14:60 (1991).
V. Stocchi, L. Cucchiarini, M. Magnani, L. Chiarantini, P. Palma, and G. Crescentini, Simultaneous extraction and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of adenine and pyridine nucleotides in human red blood cells, Anal. Biochem. 146:118 (1985).
Y.C. Awasthi, H.S. Garg, D.D. Dao, C.A. Partridge, and S.K. Srivastava, Enzymatic conjugation of erythrocyte glutathione with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene:the fate of glutathione conjugate in erythrocytes and the effect of glutathione depletion on hemoglobin, Blood 58:733 (1981).
Y.C. Awasthi and S.V. Singh, Purification and characterization of a new form of glutathione S- transferase from human erythrocytes,Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 125:1053 (1984).
Y.C. Awasthi, G. Misra, D.K. Rassin, and S.K. Srivastava, Detoxification of xenobiotics by glutathione S-transferases in erythrocytes: the transport of the conjugate of glutathione and 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, Br. J. Haematol. 55:419 (1983).
J.A. Hinson and F.F.Kadlubar, Glutathione and glutathione transferases in the detoxification of drug and carcinogen metabolites, in: “Glutathione Conjugation: Mechanisms and Biological Significance,” H. Sies and B. Ketterer, ed., Academic Press, London (1988).
J.R. DeLoach, Encapsulation of exogenous agents in erythocytes and the circulating survival of carrier erythrocytes, J. Appl. Biochem. 5:149 (1983).
A. De Flora, The technology of carrier erythrocytes: a versatile tool for diagnosis and therapy, in: “Biotechnology in Diagnostics,” H. Koprowski, S. Ferrone, and A. Albertini, ed., Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam (1985).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1992 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Fazi, A., Mancini, U., Piatti, E., Accorsi, A., Magnani, M. (1992). Xenobiotic Detoxification by GSH-Loaded Erythrocytes. In: Magnani, M., DeLoach, J.R. (eds) The Use of Resealed Erythrocytes as Carriers and Bioreactors. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 326. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3030-5_24
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3030-5_24
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-6321-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-3030-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive