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The Use of Resealed Erythrocytes as Carriers and Bioreactors pp 1–15Cite as

On Red Blood Cells, Hemolysis and Resealed Ghosts

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Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 326))

Abstract

This paper aims to consider, with a historical perspective, the characteristics of red blood cells and their ghosts that are associated with osmotic hemolysis and its reversal. Since hemolysis refers to the process by which a cell becomes permeable to hemoglobin (Hb) the term “ghost” is used to describe the resultant envelope or cell-like structure (also referred to as post-hemolytic residue or stroma) that survives the transition. This definition of the term, ghost, emphasizes the functional involvement of the plasma membrane and is independent of, or at least not biased by, the circumstances leading to its production. This definition, based on a loss of Hb by a change in the membrane’s permeability, excludes the types of changes in a cell’s Hb content that occurs, for instance, during erythroid maturation or by age related changes in cell density. While this definition of a ghost is general and independent of Hb content (ghosts can range from being nominally Hb-free to containing almost the cell’s original amount), it should also be understood that the resultant types/properties of ghosts reflect the conditions that attended the hemolytic step(s) and any subsequent treatment(s). This means that ghost characteristics are method-dependent and should be specified in every case.

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  1. Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA

    Joseph F. Hoffman

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  1. University of Urbino, Urbino, Italy

    Mauro Magnani

  2. Agricultural Research Service Food Animal Protection Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, College Station, Texas, USA

    John R. DeLoach

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Hoffman, J.F. (1992). On Red Blood Cells, Hemolysis and Resealed Ghosts. In: Magnani, M., DeLoach, J.R. (eds) The Use of Resealed Erythrocytes as Carriers and Bioreactors. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 326. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3030-5_1

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