Abstract
The retinoids comprise a family of small hydrophobic molecules which are chemically similar to retinol; those that share also some of its biological properties are additionally considered part of the vitamin A family.1 The pleiotropic effects of vitamin A family members are best exemplified by those of retinoic acid, which include activities as a developmental signal, a teratogen, and as a regulator of tumor cell behavior, among others.2 Recent progress in the cloning and characterization of several different retinoic acid receptors, belonging to the glucocorticoid family of ligand activated transcription factors, has provided new insights into the mechanisms supporting the diversity of retinoic acid biological effects.2 Another vitamin A derivative with well established function is 11-cis retinaldehyde, the chromophore of rod and cone visual pigments. This compound binds covalently to the visual pigment apoproteins, and its isomerization to the all-trans isomer in response to photon absorption by the pigment initiates the process of visual transduc-tion.1;3–5
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Stenkamp, D.L., Adler, R. (1993). Biological Effects of Retinoids and Retinoid Metabolism in Cultures of Chick Embryo Retina Neurons and Photoreceptors. In: Hollyfield, J.G., Anderson, R.E., LaVail, M.M. (eds) Retinal Degeneration. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2974-3_35
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2974-3_35
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