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Age Related Changes in Adults with Acute Leukemia

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The Underlying Molecular, Cellular and Immunological Factors in Cancer and Aging

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 330))

Abstract

There are well known differences between children and adults in both the incidence of different types of acute leukemia and the response to treatment. Whereas acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) constitutes 85–90% of cases of acute leukemia in children, the converse is true in adults, approximately 85% of whom have acute myeloid leukemia. There are no proven explanations for this discrepancy in incidence, although it has been postulated that the antigenic stimulation of new clones of lymphocytes during the maturation of the immune system in infants and children may be associated with an increased mutation rate and hence leukemias occurring in cells of lymphoid lineage (1). There are also major differences in responsiveness to therapy, particularly in ALL where there is a progressive age related decline in both initial complete response rate as well as long term disease free survival; adolescents fare more poorly than younger children with subsequent decreases in survival with advancing patient age in adults (Figure l)(2–8).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Hematologic Malignancies, University of Maryland Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA

    Charles A. Schiffer

  2. Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH, 03756, USA

    O. Ross McIntyre

  3. Cancer and Leukemia Group, Lebanon, NH, 03766, USA

    O. Ross McIntyre

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  1. Charles A. Schiffer
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

    Stringner Sue Yang Ph.D.

  2. National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

    Huber R. Warner Ph.D.

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Schiffer, C.A., McIntyre, O.R. (1993). Age Related Changes in Adults with Acute Leukemia. In: Yang, S.S., Warner, H.R. (eds) The Underlying Molecular, Cellular and Immunological Factors in Cancer and Aging. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 330. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2926-2_16

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2926-2_16

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