Abstract
Phospholipid topology in biomembranes as well as the rate of lipid translocation (or lipid flip-flop) has been thoroughly investigated during the last 20 years. The conclusions appear relatively consistent in the case of the plasma membrane of eukaryotes, for which it is admitted that phospholipids are organized in an asymmetrical bilayer. The existence of the bilayer was inferred from X-ray diffraction studies as well as 31P-NMR and freeze-fracture electron microscopy carried out with many different cell membranes. The chemical distribution of lipids between inner and outer leaflets was obtained by selective enzymatic attack, by chemical labeling, or by exchange of phospholipids catalyzed by soluble exchange proteins. For early reviews including critical appraisal of the techniques, see Op den Kamp (1979) and Etemadi (1980). More recent data can be found in Devaux (1991) and Schroit and Zwaal (1991).
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Devaux, P.F. (1993). Phospholipid Translocation in the Endoplasmic Reticulum. In: Borgese, N., Harris, J.R. (eds) Endoplasmic Reticulum. Subcellular Biochemistry, vol 21. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2912-5_12
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2912-5_12
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