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Molecular Genetics of NIDDM and the Genes for Insulin and Insulin Receptor

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New Concepts in the Pathogenesis of NIDDM

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 334))

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Abstract

It is generally accepted that non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is an inherited disease. This is illustrated, e. g., by the high concordance rate of NIDDM among monozygotic twins (90–95%) and the somewhat lower concordance in dizygotic twins (approx. 40%).1–3 NIDDM also displays obvious familial aggregation. First degree relatives of NIDDM patients run a 40% lifetime risk of developing the disease, compared to a 10% risk in individuals without diagnosed NIDDM in first degree relatives.4 Furthermore, the ethnic variability of the frequency of the disease, ranging from over 50% in Pima Indians and Naruans to 2–3% in the North European population, has been taken to illustrate that genetic factors are of major importance in determining the risk to develop NIDDM in response to environmental influence.1–3 These and a number of other findings were derived from studies of populations with NIDDM, and in a few instances subjects with decreased glucose tolerance. As long as we lack an exact description regarding the genetics of common NIDDM, we must presume that the susceptibility to NIDDM is inherited in a polygenic fashion with the effect of some major genes, interactions between genes and environment, and environmental effects alone. Furthermore, the disease is probably heterogeneous, such that different combinations of susceptibility alleles can lead to overt disease in a permissive milieu.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Clinical Genetics and Endocrinology Rolf Luft Center for Diabetes Research, Karolinska Hospital, S-104 01, Stockholm, Sweden

    Holger Luthman, Ingrid Delin, Anna Glaser, Rolf Luft, Svante Norgren & Anna Wedell

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  1. Holger Luthman
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  2. Ingrid Delin
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  3. Anna Glaser
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  4. Rolf Luft
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  5. Svante Norgren
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  6. Anna Wedell
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  1. Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

    Claes Göran Östenson  & Suad Efendić  & 

  2. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

    Mladen Vranic

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Luthman, H., Delin, I., Glaser, A., Luft, R., Norgren, S., Wedell, A. (1993). Molecular Genetics of NIDDM and the Genes for Insulin and Insulin Receptor. In: Östenson, C.G., Efendić, S., Vranic, M. (eds) New Concepts in the Pathogenesis of NIDDM. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 334. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2910-1_8

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