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Organic Geochemistry pp 397–418Cite as

Hydrothermal Alteration of Organic Matter in Marine and Terrestrial Systems

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Part of the book series: Topics in Geobiology ((TGBI,volume 11))

Abstract

The discovery in 1977 of active hydrothermal venting and associated mineralization at the seafloor spreading center of the Galápagos (Corliss et al., 1979) initiated extensive surveys of global ridge crests. Hydrothermal systems associated with ocean spreading centers are now recognized as a relatively common phenomenon and are thus one of the most actively researched topics in geology, biology, and geochemistry. The morphology, mineralization, and fluid chemistry of the active systems in spreading centers have been reviewed (e.g., Barrett and Jambor, 1988; Rona, 1988; Rona et al., 1983; Von Damm, 1990) and related to ancient deposits (e.g., Franklin et al., 1981; Scott, 1985). Other nonrift areas with analogous hydrothermal systems are tectonically active subduction zones, fracture zones, and back-arc basins. The active seafloor systems are a major niche for fauna carrying out chemosynthetic biochemistry. This and the characterization of new species is now a main topic in biology (e.g., Jones, 1985; Childress, 1988; Grassle, 1985).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Petroleum Research Group, College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331, USA

    Bernd R. T. Simoneit

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  1. Bernd R. T. Simoneit
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  1. School of Geology and Geophysics, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA

    Michael H. Engel

  2. Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA

    Stephen A. Macko

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Simoneit, B.R.T. (1993). Hydrothermal Alteration of Organic Matter in Marine and Terrestrial Systems. In: Engel, M.H., Macko, S.A. (eds) Organic Geochemistry. Topics in Geobiology, vol 11. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2890-6_17

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2890-6_17

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