Morphometric and Edaphic Factors Affecting Pond Design

Abstract

Ponds vary greatly in morphometry, and there is no consensus about the best combination of morphometric features for an aquaculture pond. For watershed ponds, morphometry is determined largely by terrain. Levee and excavated ponds can be built to design morphometry, but some designs are more feasible than others. Edaphic factors are important in construction, for soils at some places are much more suitable than at others. Soil characteristics also can influence physical, chemical, and biological processes, affect production, and be a factor in pond management. The possibility of turbidity, sedimentation, and organically stained waters should be considered, and control measures planned if necessary. This chapter provides guidelines on pond morphometry, soils, and sediment to aid in pond design, construction, and management. Details of engineering design and construction of aquaculture ponds are discussed in Chapter 13. Attention to these guidelines will help ensure that ponds will be easy to maintain and manage.