Abstract
The Superconducting Super Collider (SSC) Gammas, Electrons, Muons (GEM) magnet is a large superconducting solenoid with a total mass of 1.05×106 kg and a stored energy of 2.5 GJ. A cryogenic system to cool and to maintain the GEM magnet to liquid helium temperature is described. The system is designed to operate effectively under a variety of operating conditions, including cooldown/warm-up, steady state operations, and quench. Primary cooling during steady-state operation is based on natural circulation thermosiphon flow through cooling tubes in the solenoid support bobbin. Additional cooling loops are included for lead and joint cooling and conductor stabilization. A helium refrigerator/liquefier rated at 2 kW and 20 gls will be specified to meet the refrigeration requirements. Cooldown of the magnet from 300 K to liquid nitrogen temperatures is accomplished using a counterflow helium-to- liquid-nitrogen heat exchanger independent of the helium refrigerator. The system incorporates provisions for maintenance access during accelerator beam operation.
Operated by the Universities Research Association, Inc., for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC35-89ER40486.
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References
B. Barish and W. Willis for the GEM collaboration, “GEM Technical Design Report, ” GEM-TN-93-262 and SSCL-SR-1219, April 30, 1993.
R. Stroynowski et al. “GEM Magnet Engineering Design Report, ” GEM-TN-92-116 Rev. A., December 18, 1992.
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U. Wagner and W. Keyer, “Process design features of the SSC MTL cryogenic system, ” Proc. 3rd. International Industrial Symposium on the Super Collider, Plenum Press (1991).
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© 1994 Springer Science+Business Media New York
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Deis, G. et al. (1994). A Liquid Helium Cryogenic System Design for the Gem Magnet. In: Kittel, P. (eds) Advances in Cryogenic Engineering. Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, vol 39. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2522-6_46
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2522-6_46
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
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