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Measles Virus Induced Autoimmune Reactions against Brain Antigen

  • Chapter
A Multidisciplinary Approach to Myelin Diseases II

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((NSSA,volume 258))

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Summary

The recovery from viral infections is a result of complex interactions between specific and nonspecific host immunoreactions and the infectious agent. A variety of immune mechanisms are important factors in this event and operate together in overcoming the infectious process. Although much is known about viral defense mechanisms, it has proved remarkably difficult to assign a determinative role in vivo to any single immunological antiviral mechanism in recovery from a viral disease. Furthermore, the immune response to the virus itself may contribute to disease pathology. If vims induced immune responses are also directed against normal host components, autoimmune disease may develop. In this context measles virus (MV), which still causes significant morbidity and mortality despite the availablility of a live vaccine, is of interest because a well known complication of many cases of acute measles is postinfectious encephalomyelitis (acute measles encephalomyelitis). A cell-mediated immune response against myelin basic protein (MBP) has been detected in this disease and such an autoimmune response can lead to allergic encephalitis (EAE) as was shown in our animal model of MV-induced encephalitis. Further evidence for its pathogenetic role is provided by observations that (1) MV can substitute for sequences from the encephalitogenic region of MBP in the induction of EAE, and (2) some animals enter a refractory state for EAE following infection with recombinant MV nucleocapsid protein. In the following pages virological and immunological findings of MV infections in a rat model in relation to autoimmune reactions will be presented and the mechanisms by which measles virus may alter host reactivity against self-antigens discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Virologie und Immunbiologie, Universität Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 7, D-97078, Würzburg, Germany

    Uwe G. Liebert & Volker ter Meulen

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  1. Uwe G. Liebert
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  2. Volker ter Meulen
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  1. Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy

    S. Salvati

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© 1994 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Liebert, U.G., ter Meulen, V. (1994). Measles Virus Induced Autoimmune Reactions against Brain Antigen. In: Salvati, S. (eds) A Multidisciplinary Approach to Myelin Diseases II. NATO ASI Series, vol 258. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2435-9_13

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2435-9_13

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-6034-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-2435-9

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