Skip to main content

Cell Cycle Regulation in Normal Versus Leukemic T Cells

  • Chapter
  • 140 Accesses

Abstract

DNA replication is a central feature of the cell cycle, yet very little is known about the control of this process in eukaryotes. Genetic analysis of yeasts has defined proteins with potentially important roles in the control of DNA replication, e.g. CDC28 gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its homolog cdc2 from S. pombe 1–4, for which human functional homologs exist5–8. A homolog of the cdc2 gene product, p34cdc2, has been identified in Xenopus eggs as a component of the mitotic inducer maturation-promoting factor (MPF)9, 10 Active MPF is a complex of p34cdc2 and cyclin B1114. Cyclins are rapidly degraded as cells exit from metaphase15 and therefore must be newly synthesized during interphase of each cell cycle so that cells can generate MPF and progress into mitosis 16, 17. in addition to its role at metaphase, p34cdc2 function is also required at the G1/S transition in yeast.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Reference

  1. L. H. Hartwell, R. K. Mortimer, J. Culotti, and M. Culotti, Genetic control of the cell division cycle in yeast: V. Genetic analysis of cdc mutants. Genetics, 74: 267–286 (1973).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. M. Lorincz, and S. I. Reed, Primary structure homology between the product of yeast cell division control gene CDC28 and vertebrate oncogenes. Nature, 307: 183–185 (1984).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. P. Nurse, P. Thuriaux, and K. Nasmyth, Genetic control of the cell division cycle in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Gen. Genet., 146: 167–178 (1976).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. J. Hindleg, and G. A. Phear, Expression of the cloned genes encoding the putrescine biosynthetic enzymes and methionine adenosyltransferase of Escherichia toli (speA, speB, spec and metK). Gene, 31: 129–134 (1984).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. D. Beach, B. Durkacz, and P. Nurse, Functionally homologous cell cycle control genes in budding and fission yeast. Nature, 300: 706–709 (1982).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. R. Booher, and D. Beach, Site-specific mutagenesis of cdc2+, a cell cycle control gene of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Mol. Cell. Biol., 6: 3523–3530 (1986).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. M. G. Lee, and P. Nurse, Complementation used to clone a human homologue of the fission yeast cell cycle control gene cdc2. Nature, 327: 31–35 (1987).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. C. Wittenberg, and S. I. Reed, Conservation of function and regulation within the cdc28/cdc2 protein kinase family: characterization of the human cdc2Hs protein kinase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol. Cell. Biol., 9: 4064–4068 (1989).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. J. Gautier, C. Norbury, M. Lohka, P. Nurse, and J. Maller, Purified mutation-promoting factor contains the product of a Xenopus homolog of the fission yeast cell cycle control gene cdc2+. Cell, 54: 433–439 (1988).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. W. G. Dunphy, L. Brizuela, D. Beach, and J. Newport, The Xenopus cdc2 protein is a component of MPF, a cytoplasmic regulator of mitosis. Cell, 54: 423–431 (1988).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. M. Lohka M. K. Hayes, and J. L. Maller, Purification of maturation-promoting factor, an intracellular regulator of early mitotic events. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 85: 3009–3013 (1988).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. G. Draetta, F. Luca, J. Westendorf, L. Brizuela, J. Rudeman, and D. Beach, cdc2 protein kinase is complexed with both cyclin A and B: evidence for proteolytic inactivation of MPF. Cell, 56: 829–838 (1989).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. J. Labbe, J. Capony, D. Cavadore, J. Derancourt, M. Kaghad, J. Lelias, A. Picard, and M. Doree, MPF from starfish oocytes at first meiotic metaphase is a heterodimer containing one molecule of cdc2 and one molecule of cyclin B. EMBO J., 8: 3053–3058 (1989).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. J. Gautier, J. Minshull, M. Lohka, M. Glotzer, T. Hunt, and J. L. Maller, cyclin is a component of MPF from Xenopus. Cell, 60: 487–494 (1990).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. T. Evans, E. T. Rosenthal, J. Ýoungblom, D. Distel, and T. Hunt, cyclin: a protein specified by maternal mRNA in sea urchin eggs that is destroyed at each cleavage division. Cell, 33: 389–396 (1983).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. J. Minshull, J. Blow, and T. Hunt, Translation of cyclin mRNA is necessary for extracts of activated Xenopus eggs to enter mitosis. Cell, 56: 947–956 (1989).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. A. W. Murray, and M. W. Kirschner, Cyclin synthesis drives the early embryonic cell cycle. Nature, 339: 275–280 (1989).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. J. J. Blow, and P. Nurse, A cdc2-like protein is involved in the initiation of DNA replication in Xenopus egg extracts. Cell, 62: 855–862 (1990).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Y. Furukawa, H. Piwnica-Worms, T. J. Ernst, Y. Kanakura, and J. D. Griffin, cdc2 gene expression at the Gl to S transition in human T lymphocytes. Science, 250: 805–808 (1990).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. G. D’Urso, R. L. Marraccino, D. R. Marshak, and J. M. Roberts, Cell cycle control of DNA replication by a homologue from human cells of the p34cdc2 protein kinase. Science 250: 786–791 (1990).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. J. Minshull, R. Golsteyn, C. S. Hill, and T. Hunt, The A- and B-typecyclin associated cdc2 kinase in Xenopus turn on and off at different time in the cell cycle. EMBO J., 9: 2865–2875 (1990).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. C. F. Lehner, and P. H. O’Farrell, The roles of Drosophila cyclins A and B in mitotic control. Cell, 61: 535–547 (1990).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. F. Girard, U. Strausfeld, A. Fernandez, and N. J. C. Lamb, Cyclin A is required for the onset of DNA replication in mammalian fibroblasts. Cell, 67: 1169–1179 (1991).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. J. Pines, and T. Hunters Human cyclin A is adenovirus E1A-associatedprotein p60, and behaves differently from cyclin B. Nature, 346: 760–763 (1990).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. J. Wang, X. Chenivesse, B. Henglein, and C. Brechot, Hepatitis B virus integration in a cyclin A gene in a hepatocellular carcinoma. Nature, 343: 555–557 (1990).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. A. Giordano, P. Whyte, E. Harlow, B. R. Jr. Fraisa, D. Beach, and G. A Draetta, 60 kd cdc2-associated polypeptide complexes with the E1A proteins in adenovirusinfected cells. Cell, 58: 981–990 (1989).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. M. Mudryj, S. H. Devoto, S. W. Hiebert, T. Hunter, J. Pines, and J. R. Nevins, Cell cycle regulation of the E2F transcription factor involves an interaction with cyclin A. Cell, 65: 1243–1253 (1991).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. M. E. Ewen, Y. Xin, J. B. Lawrence, and D. M. Livingston, Molecular cloning, chromosomal mapping, and expression of the cDNA for p 107, a retinoblastoma gene-related protein. Cell, 66: 1155–1164 (1991).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. M. E. Ewen, B. Faha, E. Harlow, and D. M. Livingston, Interaction of p107 with cyclin A independent of complex formation with viral oncoproteins. Science, 255: 85–87 (1992).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. B. Faha, M. E., Ewen, L-. H. Tsai, D. M. Livingston, and E. Harlow, Interaction between human cyclin A and adenovirus E1A-associated p107 protein. Science, 255: 87–90 (1992).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. T. Matsuyama, P. Anderson, J. F. Daley, S. F. Schlossman, and C. Morimoto, CD4+CD45R+ cells are preferentially activated through the CD2 pathway. Eur. J. Immunol., 18: 1473–1476 (1988).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. W. Gubler, and B. J. Hoffman, A simple and very efficient method for generating cDNA libraries. Gene, 25: 263–269 (1983).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. T. Nikaido, D. Bradley, and A. B. Pardee, Molecular cloning of transcripts that accumulate during late G1 phase in cultured mouse cells. Exp. Cell Res., 192: 102–109 (1991).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. J. D. Dignam, R. M. Lebovitz, and R. G. Roeder, Accurate transcription initiation by RNA polymerase ll in a soluble extract from isolated mammalian nuclei. Nucl. Acids Res., 11: 1475–1489 (1983).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. R. W. Carthew, L. A. Chodosh, and P. A. Sharp, An RNA polymerase II transcription factor binds to an upstream element in the adenovirus major late promoter. Cell, 43: 439–448 (1985).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. T. Sakai, N. Ohtani, T. L. McGee, P. D. Robbins, and T. P. Dryja, Oncogenetic germ-line mutations in Spi and ATF sites in the human retinoblastoma gene. Nature, 353: 83–86 (1991).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. M. Yoshida, M. Yamamoto, and T. Nikaido, Quercetin arrests human leukemic T cells in late G1 phase of the cell cycle. Cancer Res. 52: 6676–6681 (1992).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. M. Yamamoto, M. Yoshida, K. Ono, T. Fujita, N. Fujita-Ohtani, T. Sakai, and T. Nikaido, p34cdc2 and cyclin Apromoters contain RB or p53 binding sites. (submitted, 1993).

    Google Scholar 

  39. Q. Hu, C. Bautista, G. M. Edwards, D. Defeo-Jones, R. E. Jones, and E. Harlow, Antibodies specific for human retinoblastoma protein identify a family of related polypeptides. Mol. Cell. Biol., 11: 5792–5799 (1991).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. S. P. Chellappan, S. Hiebert, M. Mudryj, J. M. Horowitz and J. R. Nevins, The E2F transcription factor is a cellular target for the RB protein. Cell, 65: 1053–1061 (1991).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. P. Raychaudhuri, S. Bagchi, S. H. Devoto, V. B. Kraus, E. Moran, and J. R. Nevins, Domains of the adenovirus ElA protein required for oncogenic activity are also required for dissociation of E2F transcription factor complex. Genes Dev., 5. 1200–1211 (1991).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. T. Chittenden, D. M. Livingston, and J. W. G. Kaelin, The TIE1A-binding domain of the retinoblastoma product can interact selectively with a sequence-specific DNA-binding protein. Cell, 65: 1073–1082 (1991).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. L. R. Bandara, and N. B, La Thangue, Adenvirus E1A prevents the retinoblastoma gene product from complexing with a cellular transcription factor. Nature, 351: 494–497 (1991).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. S. W. Hiebert, M. Blake, J. Azizkhan, and J. R. Nevins, Role of E2F transcription factor in ElA-mediated trans activation of cellular genes. J. Virol., 65: 3547–3552 (1991).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. S. Dalton, Cell cycle regulation of the human cdc2 gene. EMBO J., 11: 1797–1804 (1992).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. S. E. Kern, K. W. Kinzler, A. Bruskin, P. N. Friedman, C. Prives, and B. Vogelstein, Sequence-specific binding of p53 to DNA. Science, 252: 1708–1711 (1991).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. J. Bargonetti, P. N. Friedman, S. E. Kern, B. Vogelstein, and C. Prives, Wild-type but not mutant p53 immunopurified protein bind to sequence adjacent to the SV40 origin of replication. Cell, 65: 1083–1091 (1991).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. W. S. El-Deiiy, S. E., Kern, J. A. Pietenpol, K. W. Kinzler, and B. Vogelstein, Definition of a consensus binding site for p53. Nature Genetics, 1: 45–49 (1992).

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1994 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Nikaido, T., Ono, K., Yamamoto, M., Sakai, T., Magami, Y. (1994). Cell Cycle Regulation in Normal Versus Leukemic T Cells. In: Hu, V.W. (eds) The Cell Cycle. GWUMC Department of Biochemistry Annual Spring Symposia. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2421-2_41

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2421-2_41

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-6027-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-2421-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics