Abstract
Social psychological approaches to aggression begin with the assumption that aggression is a reaction to situations. These situations involve the provocation of one person by another, followed by some act of retaliation. Other antecedents of aggression, whether genetic, temperamental, social or cultural in origin, are usually considered to act as moderators of situational effects but not to motivate aggression in and of themselves (Geen, 1990). This review is focused on several contemporary lines of theory and research on aggression as a response to provocations in interpersonal settings. Each proposes a set of intervening variables that mediate the connection between provocation and aggression, and several describe processes whereby aggressive behaviors are acquired and maintained. Of the latter, the most widely studied have been social learning theories.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Anderson, C. A. (1989). Temperature and aggression: The ubiquitous effects of heat on the occurrence of human violence. Psychological Bulletin, 106, 74–96.
Bandura, A. (1965). Influence of models’ reinforcement contingencies on the acquisition of imitative responses. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1, 589–595.
Bandura, A. (1973). Aggression: A social learning analysis. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Bandura, A., Ross, D., & Ross, S. A. (1963). Imitation of film-mediated aggressive models. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology,66, 3–11.
Berkowitz, L. (1984). Some effects of thoughts on anti-and prosocial influences of media events: A cognitive neoassociationist analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 95, 410–427.
Berkowitz, L. (1988). Frustrations, appraisals, and aversively stimulated aggression. Aggressive Behavior, 14, 3–11.
Berkowitz, L. (1989). The frustration-aggression hypothesis: An examination and reformulation. Psychological Bulletin, 106, 59–73.
Berkowitz, L., & Heimer, K. (1989). On the construction of the anger experience: Aversive events and negative priming in the formation of feelings. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology, Vol. 22, pp. 1–37). New York: Academic Press.
Berkowitz, L., Cochran, S., & Embree, M. (1981). Physical pain and the goal of aversively stimulated aggression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,40,687–700.
Boldizar, J. P., Perry, D. G., & Perry, L. C. (1989). Outcome values and aggression. Child Development,60, 571–579.
Bower, G. (1981). Mood and memory. American Psychologist, 36, 129–148.
Bushman, B. J., & Green, R. G. (1990). Role of cognitive-emotional mediators and individual differences in the effects of media violence on aggression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,40, 687–700.
Carver, C. S. (1975). Physical aggression as a function of objective self-awareness and attitudes toward punishment. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology,11, 510–519.
Collins, A., & Loftus, E. (1975). A spreading-activation theory of semantic memory. Psychological Review, 82, 407–428.
DaGloria, J. (1984). Frustration, aggression, and the sense of justice. In A. Mummendey (Ed.), Social psychology of aggression: From individual behavior to social interaction (pp. 127–141). New York: Springer-Verlag.
DaGloria, J., & IRidder, R. (1977). Aggression in dyadic interaction. European Journal of Social Psychology, 7, 189–219.
DaGloria, J., & DeRidder, R. (1979). Sex differences in aggression: Are current notions misleading? European Journal of Social Psychology, 9, 49–66.
DeRidder, R. (1985). Normative considerations in the labelling of harmful behavior as aggressive. Journal of Social Psychology, 125, 659–666.
Diener, E. (1980). Deindividuation: The absence of self-awareness and self-regulation in group members. In P. Paulus (Ed.), The psychology of group influence (pp. 209–242). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Dollard, J., Doob, L. W., Miller, N. E., Mowrer, O. H., & Sears, R. R. (1939). Frustration and aggression. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Duncan, B. L. (1976). Differential social perception and attribution of intergroup violence: Testing the lower limits of stereotyping in blacks. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 34, 590–598.
Eisenberg, G. J. (1980). Children and aggression after observed film aggression with sanctioning adults. Annals of the New York Academy of Science,347, 304–318.
Eron, L. D., Walder, L. O., & Lefkowitz, M. M. (1971). Learning of aggression in children. Boston: Little, Brown.
Felson, R. B. (1982). Impression management and the escalation of aggression and violence. Social Psychology Quarterly, 45, 245–254.
Felson, R. B. (1984). Patterns of aggressive social interaction. In A. Mummendey (Ed.), Social psychology of aggression: From individual behavior to social interaction (pp. 107–126). New York: Springer-Verlag.
Fenigstein, A. (1979). Does aggression cause a preference for viewing media violence? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 2307–2317.
Ferguson, T. J., & Rule, B. G. (1983). An attributional perspective on anger and aggression. In R. G. Geen & E. Donnerstein (Eds.), Aggression: Theoretical and empirical reviews (Vol. 1: Theoretical and methodological issues,pp. 41–74). New York: Academic Press.
Geen, R. G. (1978). Effects of attack and uncontrollable noise on aggression. Journal of Research in Personality,12, 15–29.
Geen, R. G. (1990). Human aggression. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks-Cole.
Geen, R. G., & Thomas, S. L. (1986). The immediate effects of media violence on behavior. Journal of Social Issues,42, 7–27.
Harvey, M. D., & Rule, B. G. (1978). Moral evaluations and judgments of responsibility. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 4,583–588.
Huesmann, L. R. (1988). An information processing model for the development of aggression. Aggressive Behavior,14, 13–24.
Huesmann, L. R., & Eron, L. D. (1984). Cognitive processes and the persistence of aggressive behavior. Aggressive Behavior,10, 243–251.
Huesmann, L. R., & Eron, L. D. (Eds.). (1986). Television and the aggressive child: A cross-national comparison. Hillsdale, NJ: Eribaum.
Huesmann, L. R., Eron, L. D., Lefkowitz, M. M., & Walder, L. O. (1984). Stability of aggression over time and generations. Developmental Psychology, 20, 1120–1134.
Huesmann, L. R., Eron, L. D., & Yarmel, P. W. (1987). Intellectual functioning and aggression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,52, 232–240.
Joseph, J. M., Kane, T. R., Gaes, G. G., & Tedeschi, J. T. (1976). Effects of effort on attributed intent and perceived aggressiveness. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 42, 706.
Kornadt, H. J. (1984). Development of aggressiveness: A motivation theory perspective. In R. M. Kaplan, V. J. Konecni, & R. W. Novaco (Eds.),Aggression in children and youth(pp. 73–87). The Hague: Nijhoff.
Leyens, J. P, Herman, G., & Dunand, M. (1982). The influence of an audience upon the reactions to filmed violence. European Journal of Social Psychology, 12, 131–142.
Mummendey, A., Linneweber, V. & Loschper, G. (1984). Actor or victim of aggression: Divergent perspectives-divergent evaluations. European Journal of Social Psychology, 14, 297–311.
Nelson, S. A. (1980). Factors influencing young children’s use of motives and outcomes as moral criteria. Child Development,51, 823–829.
Ohbuchi, K. (1982). On the cognitive integration mediating reactions to attack patterns. Social Psychology Quarterly, 45, 213–218.
Perry, D. G., Perry, L. C., & Rasmussen, P. (1986). Cognitive social learning mediators of aggression. Child Development, 57, 700–711.
Prentice-Dunn, S., & Rogers, R. W. (1983). Deindividuation in aggression. In R. G. Geen & E. Donnerstein (Eds.), Aggression: Theoretical and empirical reviews (Vol. 2: Issues in research,pp. 155–171). New York: Academic Press.
Reisenzein, R. (1983). The Schachter theory of emotion: Two decades later. Psychological Bulletin, 94, 239–264.
Rule, B. G. (1978). The hostile and instrumental functions of human aggression. In W. W. Hartup & J. DeWit (Eds.), Origins of aggression (pp. 121–141). The Hague: Mouton.
Rule, B. G., Taylor, B. R., & Dobbs, A. R. (1987). Priming effects of heat on aggressive thoughts. Social Cognition, 5, 131–143.
Scheier, M. E, Fenigstein, A., & Buss, A. H. (1974). Self-awareness and physical aggression. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology,10, 264–273.
Srull, T. K., & Wyer, R. S. (1979). The role of category accessibility in the interpretation of information about persons: Some determinants and implications. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 1660–1672.
Tedeschi, J. T., Smith, R. B., & Brown, R. C. (1974). A reinterpretation of research on aggression. Psychological Bulletin, 81, 540–562.
Warm, D. L., & Branscombe, N. R. (1990). Person perception when aggressive or nonaggressive sports are primed. Aggressive Behavior, 16, 27–32.
Zillmann, D. (1979). Hostility and aggression. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Zillmann, D. (1988). Cognition-excitation interdependencies in aggressive behavior. Aggressive Behavior, 14, 51–64.
Zillmann, D., & Cantor, J. R. (1976). Effect of timing of information about mitigating circumstances on emotional responses to provocation and retaliatory behavior. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 12, 38–55.
Zillmann, D., Baron, R. A., & Tamborini, R. (1981). Social costs of smoking: Effects of tobacco smoke on hostile behavior. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 11, 548–561.
Zillmann, D., Bryant, J., Cantor, J. R., & Day, K. D. (1975). Irrelevance of mitigating circumstances in retaliatory behavior at high levels of excitation. Journal of Research in Personality, 9, 282–293.
Zimbardo, P. G. (1969). The human choice: Individuation, reason, and order versus deindividuation, impulse and chaos. In W. J. Arnold & D. Levine (Eds.), Nebraska symposium on motivation (pp. 237–307). Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1994 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Geen, R.G. (1994). Social Psychological. In: Hersen, M., Ammerman, R.T., Sisson, L.A. (eds) Handbook of Aggressive and Destructive Behavior in Psychiatric Patients. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2403-8_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2403-8_4
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-6019-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-2403-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive