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Handbook of Aggressive and Destructive Behavior in Psychiatric Patients pp 325–346Cite as

Mental Retardation

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Abstract

A universally accepted definition of mental retardation has been elusive due to the highly relative and culturally determined nature of this disorder (Tyson & Favell, 1988). In 1983, the American Association on Mental Deficiency (AAMD) [now the American Association on Mental Retardation (AAMR)] set forth the most widely endorsed definition currently in use. The standards for diagnosis included (1) an I.Q. score two standard deviations or more below the relevant age and sex mean on a standardized intelligence test, (2) impairments in adaptive behavior, and (3) onset before age 18 (Grossman, 1983). This multidimensional approach to definition is in keeping with other recognized systems, such as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (American Psychiatric Association, 1987, 1993). A number of professional groups, including the American Psychiatric Association, have adopted it.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Western Pennsylvania School for Blind Children, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA

    Lori A. Sisson

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  1. Lori A. Sisson
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA

    Michel Hersen

  2. Western Pennsylvania School for Blind Children, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

    Robert T. Ammerman  & Lori A. Sisson  & 

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© 1994 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Sisson, L.A. (1994). Mental Retardation. In: Hersen, M., Ammerman, R.T., Sisson, L.A. (eds) Handbook of Aggressive and Destructive Behavior in Psychiatric Patients. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2403-8_19

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2403-8_19

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