Abstract
The secretory pathway consists of a set of compartments responsible for the assembly and modification of proteins destined for secretion, for transport to the plasma membrane, and to the other organelles of the cell. The classical description of the secretory pathway comprises the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) as the site of protein synthesis and first maturation steps, and the Golgi apparatus as the site of protein modification and sorting. Apart from synthesis and maturation of secreted proteins the pathway is also responsible for the production of its own components. Hence, the enzymes and factors involved in the functions of the pathway are continually renewed and are being transported to their positions within the pathway by the machinery that transports secretory proteins through it. It is this latter aspect of the pathway, its mechanism of self-renewal, that complicates both the definition and the description of the compartments of the secretory pathway. In this review we will adopt a functional approach to the description of the components of the early secretory pathway and focus on its dynamic aspects. Here the ER will be referred to as the aggregate of smooth ER (sER), rough ER (rER), and the nuclear envelope that is continuous with them. The Golgi is defined as the aggregate of cisterna and connected networks on both the trans (TGN, trans-Golgi network) and cis (CGN, cis-Golgi network) sides. We will focus on membrane traffic between the ER and Golgi compartment and will present a useful framework for understanding the membrane traffic that gives rise to these compartments.
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Hendriks, R.J.M., Fuller, S.D. (1994). Compartments of the Early Secretory Pathway. In: Maddy, A.H., Harris, J.R. (eds) Membrane Biogenesis. Subcellular Biochemistry, vol 22. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2401-4_4
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