Abstract
A flexible manufacturing system (FMS) can manufacture multiple types of products with relatively small lot sizes, using various resources such as robots and multi-purpose machines. While the increased flexibility of an FMS provides a greater number of choices of routings and resources, and allows greater productivity, it imposes a challenging problem of allocating the given resources to various processes for each product, and scheduling the activities effectively. This chapter presents a Petri net-based heuristic scheduling method for flexible manufacturing environments.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
S. Ahmad and B. Li, “Robot control computation in microprocessor systems with multiple arithmetic processors using a modified DF/IHS scheduling algorithm,” IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 1167–1178, Sep/Oct 1989.
M. Aicardi, A. D. Febbraro and R. Minciardi, “Analysis of deterministic discrete event systems via minimax algebra,” Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Charlottesville, VA, Oct 13–16, 1991, pp. 321–328.
R. Y. Al-Jaar and A. A. Desrochers, “Performance evaluation of automated manufacturing systems using generalized stochastic Petri nets,” IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation, vol. 6, no. 6, pp. 621–639, Dec 1990.
K. R. Baker, Introduction to Sequencing and Scheduling, New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1974.
E. Bowman, “The schedule-sequencing problem,” Operations Research, vol. 7, no. pp. 621–624, 1959.
P. J. Brucker, “Scheduling problems in connection with flexible production systems,” Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Sacramento, CA, April 1991, pp. 1778–1783.
J. Carlier and P. Chretienne, “Timed Petri net schedules,” in Advances in Petri Nets, Rozenberg (ed.), Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1988, pp. 62–84.
T. S. Chan and H. A. Pak, “Modelling of a controller for a flexible manufacturing cell,” in Simulation, R. D. Hurrion (ed.), Kempston, UK: IFS (Publications) Ltd, 1986, pp. 105–118.
C. L. P. Chen, “Time lower bound for manufacturing aggregate scheduling problems,” Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Sacramento, CA, April 1991, pp. 830–835.
R. Conway, W. Maxwell and L. Miller, Theory of Scheduling, Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1967.
E. Falkenauer and S. Bouffouix, “A genetic algorithm for job shop,” Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Sacramento, CA, April 1991, pp. 824–829.
S. French, Sequencing and Scheduling: An Introduction to the Mathematics of the Job-Shop, Ellis Horwood, 1982.
S. B. Gershwin, R. R. Hildebrant, et al. “A control perspective on recent trends in manufacturing systems,” IEEE Control Systems Magazine, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 3–15, April 1986.
H. P. Hillion and J. Proth, “Performance evaluation of job-shop systems using timed event-graphs,” IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 3–9, Jan. 1989.
D. J. Hoitomt, J. B. Perkins and P. B. Luh, “Distributed scheduling of job shops,” Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Sacramento, CA, April 1991, pp. 1067–1072.
D. J. Hoitomt, P. B. Luh and K. R. Pattipati, “A Lagrangian relaxation approach to job shop scheduling problems,” Proceedings of the 1990 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Cincinnati, OH, May 1990, pp. 1944–1949.
D. J. Hoitomt, P. B. Luh and K. R. Pattipati, “Job shop scheduling,” Proceedings of the First International Conference on Automation Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, July 1990, pp. 565–574.
M. A. Holliday and M. K. Vernon, “A generalized timed Petri net model for performance analysis,” Proceedings of the IEEE International Workshop on Timed Petri Nets, Torino, Italy, July 1–3, 1985, pp. 181–190.
L. E. Holloway and B. H. Krogh, “Synthesis of feedback control logic for a class of controlled Petri nets,” IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, vol. 35, no. 5, pp. 514–523, May 1990.
E. Horowitz and S. Sahni, Fundamentals of Computer Algorithms, Rockville, MD: Computer Science Press, 1978.
E. S. H. Hou and H. Y. Li, “Task scheduling for flexible manufacturing systems based on genetic algorithms,” Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 1991, pp. 397–402.
C. Q. Jiang, M. G. Singh and K. S. Hindi, “Optimized routing in flexible manufacturing systems with blocking,” IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 589–595, May/June 1991.
P. Kapasouris, D. Serfaty, et al. “Resource allocation and performance evaluation in large human-machine organizations,” IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 521–532, May/June 1991.
R. Larson and A. Odoni, Urban Operations Research, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, 1981, pp. 360–361.
A. E. J. Lee, Integrated Tooling and Scheduling of Flexible Machines: Theory and Algorithms, Ph. D. Dissertation, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, May 1989.
D. Y. Lee and F. DiCesare, “Integrated scheduling of flexible manufacturing systems employing automated guided vehicles,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, to appear in December 1994.
D. Y. Lee and F. DiCesare, “Scheduling flexible manufacturing systems using Petri nets and heuristic search,” IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 123–132, April 1994.
D. Y. Lee and F. DiCesare, “Scheduling flexible manufacturing systems with the consideration of setup times,” Proceedings of the 32nd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, San Antonio, TX, Dec. 15–17, 1993, pp. 3264–3269.
D. Y. Lee and F. DiCesare, “Scheduling of flexible manufacturing systems employing automated guided vehicles,” Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on CAD/CAM, Robotics and Factories of the Future, Newark, NJ, August 17–20, 1993, in press.
D. Y. Lee and F. DiCesare, “Integrated models for scheduling flexible manufacturing systems,” Proceedings of the 1993 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Atlanta, GA, May 2–7, 1993, pp. 827–832.
D. Y. Lee, Scheduling and Supervisory Control of Flexible Manufacturing Systems Using Petri Nets and Heuristic Search, Ph. D. Dissertation, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, May 1993.
D. Y. Lee and F. DiCesare, “Petri nets and heuristic search for periodic scheduling,” Proceedings of the 1992 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Chicago, IL, October 18-21, 1992, pp. 998–1003.
D. Y. Lee and F. DiCesare, “Experimental study of a heuristic function for FMS scheduling,” Proceedings of the 1992 Japan-USA Symposium on Flexible Automation, San Francisco, CA, July 13-15, 1992, pp. 1171–1177.
D. Y. Lee and F. DiCesare, “FMS scheduling using Petri nets and heuristic search,” Proceedings of the 1992 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Nice, France, May 10-15, 1992, pp. 1057–1062.
P. S. Liu and L. C. Fu, “Planning and scheduling in a flexible manufacturing system using a dynamic routing method for automated guided vehicles,” Proceedings of the 1989 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Scottsdale, AZ, 1989, pp. 1584–1589.
Z. P. Lo and B. Bavarian, “Job scheduling on parallel machines using simulated annealing,” Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 1991, pp. 391–396.
P. B. Luh, D. J. Hoitomt, et al. “Schedule generation and reconfiguration for parallel machines,” IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation, vol. 6, no. 6, pp. 687–696, Dec. 1990.
A. Manne, “On the job-shop scheduling problem,” Operations Research, vol. 8, no. pp. 219–223, 1960.
P. Mellor, “A review of job shop scheduling,” Operational Research Quarterly, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 161–171, June 1966.
N. Nilsson, Principles of Artificial Intelligence, Palo Alto, CA: Tioga, 1980.
J. O’Brien, Scheduling Handbook, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1969.
K. Onaga, M. Silva and T. Watanabe, “On periodic schedules for deterministically timed Petri net systems,” Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Petri Nets and Performance Models, Melbourne, Australia, Dec. 2–5, 1991, pp. 210–215.
T. A. Owens and P. B. Luh, “A job completion time estimation method for work center scheduling,” Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Sacramento, CA, April 1991, pp. 110–115.
J. Pearl, Heuristics: Intelligent Search Strategies for Computer Problem Solving, Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1984.
C. Ramamoorthy and G. Ho, “Performance evaluation of asynchronous concurrent systems using Petri nets,” IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, vol. SE-6, no. 5, pp. 440–449, Sep. 1980.
J. Rickel, “Issues in the design of scheduling systems,” in Expert Systems and Intelligent Manufacturing, Oliff (ed.), Elsevier, 1988, pp. 70–89.
F. Rodammer and J. K. White, “A recent survey of production scheduling,” IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 841–851, Nov.Dec. 1988.
R. V. Rogers and K. P. White, “Algebraic, mathematical programming, and network models of the deterministic job-shop scheduling problem,” IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 693–697, May/June 1991.
R. Sengupta and S. Lafortune, “Optimal control of a class of discrete event systems,” Proceedings of the IFAC International Symposium on Distributed Intelligence Systems, Arlington, VA, Aug 13–15, 1991, pp. 25–30.
L. Shen, Q. Chen, et al. “Truncation of Petri net models of scheduling problems for optimum solutions,” Proceedings of the Japan/USA Symposium on Flexible Automation, San Francisco, CA, July 13–15, 1992, pp. 1681–1688.
H. Shih and T. Sekiguchi, “A timed Petri net and beam search based online FMS scheduling system with routing flexibility,” Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Sacramento, CA, April 1991, pp. 2548–2553.
J. Sifakis, “Performance evaluation of systems using nets,” in Net Theory and Applications, Brauer (ed.), Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1980, pp. 307–319.
M. Silva and R. Valette, “Petri nets and flexible manufacturing,” in Advances in Petri Nets, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1989, pp. 374–417.
A. S. Spachis and J. R. King, “Job-shop scheduling heuristics with local neighbourhood search,” International Journal of Production Research, vol. 17, no. 6, pp. 507–526, Nov/Dec 1979.
A. Vasquez and P. B. Mirchandani, “Concurrent resource allocation for production scheduling,” Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Sacramento, CA, April 1991, pp. 1060–1066.
N. Viswanadham and Y. Narahari, “Stochastic Petri net models for performance evaluation of automated manufacturing systems,” Information and Decision Technologies, vol. 14, no. pp. 125–142, 1988.
D. Zhang, “Planning using timed Pr/T nets,” Proceedings of the Japan/USA Symposium on Flexible Automation, San Francisco, CA, July 13-15, 1992, pp. 1179–1183.
Y. Zhang, “Solution to job-shop scheduling of FMS by neural networks,” Proceedings of the 1991 IFAC Workshop on Discrete Event System Theory and Applications in Manufacturing and Social Phenomena, Shenyang, China, June 25–27, 1991, pp. 261–266.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1995 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lee, D.Y., DiCesare, F. (1995). Petri Net-Based Heuristic Scheduling for Flexible Manufacturing. In: Zhou, M. (eds) Petri Nets in Flexible and Agile Automation. The Springer International Series in Engineering and Computer Science, vol 310. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2231-7_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2231-7_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-5938-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-2231-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive