Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Microbiological quality of seafoods: viruses, bacteria and parasites

  • Chapter
Seafoods: Chemistry, Processing Technology and Quality

Abstract

The microbiological quality of seafoods is a key factor in determining their edibility and safety for human consumption. Organisms affecting microbiological quality to he discussed here, with emphasis on public health aspects, include viruses, bacteria, and parasites. In addition, the application of DNA probes and polymerise chain reactions for the detection of microorganisms in seafoods is included.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Reference

  • Abbott, S.L., Powers, C., Kaysner, C.A., Takeda, Y., Ishibashi, M., Joseph, S.W. and Janda, J.M. (1989) Emergence of a restricted bioserovar ofVibrio parahaemolyticusas the predominant cause of vibrio-associated gastroenteritis on the west coast of the United States and Mexico.J. Clin. Microbiol.,27, 2891–3.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Abeyta, C. Jr. and Kaysner, C.A. (1994)Plesiomonas shigelloidesinLaboratory Procedures for the Examination of Seawater and Shellfish,(ed. H.W. Kator), American Public Health Association, in press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Abeyta, C. Jr. and Wekell, M.M. (1988) Potential sources ofAeromonas hydrophila. J. Food Safety 911–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Abeyta, C. Jr., Weagant, S.D., Kaysner, C.A., Wekell, M.M., Stott, R.F., Krane, M.H. and Peeler, J.T. (1989)Aeromonas hydrophilain shellfish growing waters: incidence and media evaluation.J. Food Protec.,52, 7–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Abeyta, C. Jr., Kaysner, C.A., Wekell, M.M. and Stott, R.F. (1990) Incidence of motile aeromonads from United States west coast shellfish growing areas.J. Food Protec. 53849–55.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adams, A.A., Beeh, J.L. and Wekell, M.M (1990) Health risks of salmon sushi.Lancet 33613–28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Agus, S.G., Dolin, R., Wyatt, R.G., Tousimas, A.J. and Northrup, R.S. (1973) Acute infectious nonbacterial gastroenteritis: intestinal histopathology. Histologic and enzymatic alterations during illness produced by the Norwalk agent in man.Ann. Intern. Med. 7918–25.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ahmed, F.E. (ed.) (1991)Seafood SafetyCommittee on Evaluation of the Safety of Fishery Products, National Academy of Sciences, National Academy Press, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Asaishi, K., Niahino, C. and Hayasaka, H. (1989) Geographical distribution and epidemiology, inGastric Anisakiasis in Japan(eds H. Ishikura and M. Namiki), Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 31–36.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Bessesen, M.T., Luo, Q., Rotbart, H.A., Blaser, M.J. and Ellison, R.T., III. (1990) Detection ofListeria monocytogenesby using the polymerase chain reaction.Appl. Environ. Microbial.,56, 2930–2.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bier, J.W. (1976) Experimental anisakiasis: cultivation and temperature tolerance determinations.J. Milk Food Technol. 39132–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Birnboim, H.C. and Doly, J. (1979) A rapid alkaline extraction procedure for screening recombinant plasmid DNA.Nucleic Acids Res. 7 1513–23.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blacklow, N.R. and Cukor, G. (1982) Norwalk virus: a major cause of epidemic gastroenteritis.Am. J. Public Health. 721321–3.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blacklow, N.R., Cukor, G., Bedigian, M.K., Echeverria, P., Greenberg, H.B., Schreiber, D.S. and Trier, J.S. (1979) Immune response and prevalence of antibody to Norwalk enteritis virus as determined by radioimmunoassay.J. Clin. Microbiol. 10903–9.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blackwell, J.H., Cliver, D.O., Callis, J.J., Heidelbaugh, N.D., Larkin, E.P., McKercher, P.D. and Tayer, D.W. (1985) Foodborne viruses: their importance and need for research.J. Food Prot. 48717–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blumberg, H.M., Kiehlbauch, J.A. and Wachsmuth, I.K. (1991) Molecular epidemiology ofYersinia enterocolitica0:3 infections: use of chromosomal DNA restriction fragment length polymorphisms of rRNA genes.J. Clin. Microbial.,29, 2368–74.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bogitsh, B.J. and Cheng, T.C. (1990)Human ParasitologySaunders College Publ., New York, NY.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brauns, L.A., Hudson, M.C. and Oliver, J.D. (1991) Use of the polymerase chain reaction in detection of culturable and nonculturableVibrio vulnificuscells.Appl. Environ. Microbial.,57, 2651–5.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Buchanan, R.L., Stahl, H.G., Bcncivengo, M.M. and Del Corral, F. (1989) Comparison of lithium chloride-phenylethanol-moxalactam and modified Vogel Johnson agars for detection ofListeriaspp. in retail-level meats, poultry, and seafood.Appl. Environ. Microbiol.,55, 599–603.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Canzonier, W.J. (1971) Accumulation and elimination of coliphage S-13 by the hard clam, Mercenaria.Appl. Microbial. 211024–31.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ching, H.L. (1988) The distribution of plerocercoids ofDiphyllobothrium dendriticum(Nitzsch) in sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) smolts from Great Central Lake, British Columbia.Can. J. Zool.,66, 850–2.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Colburn, K.G., Kaysner, C.A., Wekell, M.M., Matches, J.R., Abeyta, C. Jr. and Stott, R.F. (1989) Microbiological quality of oysters (Crassostrea gigas) and water of live holding tanks in Seattle, WA markets.J. Food Protec. 52100–4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Colburn, K.G., Kaysner, C.A., Abeyta, C. Jr. and Wekell, M.M. (1990) Listeria species in a California coast estuarine environment.Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 562007–11.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Conner, D.E., Brackett, R.E. and Beuchat, L.R. (1986) Effect of temperature, sodium chloride, and pH on growth ofListeria monocytogenesin cabbage juice.Appl. Environ. Microbiol.,52, 59–63.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Deardorff, T.L. and Throm, R. (1988) Commercial blast-freezing of third-stageAnisakis simplexlarvae encapsulated in salmon and rockfish.J. Parasitol.,74, 600–3.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Deardorff, T.L. and Overstreet, R.M. (1991) Seafood-transmitted zoonoses in the United States: the fishes, the dishes, and the worms, inMicrobiology of Marine Food Products(eds D.R. Ward and C.R. Hackney), Avi: Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, pp. 211–65.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Deardorff, T.L., Raybourne, R.B. and Desowitz, R.S. (1984) Description of a third-stage larvaTerranovatype Hawaii A (Nematoda: Anisakinae), from Hawaiian fishes. J. Parasitol. 70, 829–31.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Desenclos, J.A., Klontz, K.C., Wilder, M.H., Nainan, O.V., Margolis, H.S. and Gunn, R.A. (1991) A multistate outbreak of hepatitis A caused by the consumption of raw oysters.Am. J. Public Health 811268–72.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Doyle, M.P. (ed.) (1989)Foodborne Bacterial PathogensMarcel Dekker, Inc., New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eastburn, R.L., Fritsche, T.R. and Terhune, C.A. Jr. (1987) Human intestinal infection withNanophyetus salmincolafrom salmonid fishes.Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.,36, 586–91.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Estes, M.K., Jiang, X., Zhou, Y.-J. and Metcalf, T.G. (1990). Nucleic acid hybridization to detect enteric viruses, inBiotechnology and Food Safety(eds D.D. Bills and S. Kung), Butterworth-Heineman, Boston, pp. 185–93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Farber, J.M. and Peterkin, P.I. (1991)Listeria monocytogenesa food-borne pathogen.Microbiol. Rev. 55476–511.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Feinstone, S.M., Kapikian, A.Z. and Purcell, R.H. (1973) Hepatitis A: detection by immune electron microscopy of a viruslike antigen associated with acute illness.Science 1821026–28.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fenton, D.R. (1985) Wild birds and silage as reservoirs ofListeriain the agricultural environment.J. Appt. Bacteriol.,59, 537–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Forbes, K.J., Bruce, K.D., Jordens, J.Z., Ball, A. and Pennington, T.H. (1991) Rapid methods in bacterial DNA fingerprinting.J. Gen. Microbiol. 1372051–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fritsche, T.R., Eastburn, R.L., Wiggins, L.H. and Terhune, C.A. (1989) Praziquantel for treatment of humanNanophyetus salmincola (Troglotreme salmincola)infection.J. Inf. Dis.,160, 896–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fuchs, R.S. and Surendran, P.K. (1989) Incidence ofListeriain tropical fish and fishery products.Lett. Appt. Microbiol.,9, 49–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gardiner, M.A. (1990) Survival ofAnisakisin cold smoked salmon.Can. Inst. Food Sci. Technol. J.,23, 143–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gicquelais, K.G., Baldini, M.M., Martinez, J., Maggi, L., Martin, W.C., Prado, V., Kaper, J.B. and Levine, M.M. (1991) Practical and economical method for using biotinylated DNA probes with bacterial colony blots to identify diarrhoea-causing Escherichia coli.J. Clin. Microbiol. 282485–90.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gopo, J.M., Melis, R., Filipska, E., Meneveri, R. and Filipski, J. (1988) Development of a Salmonella-specific biotinylated DNA probe for rapid routine identification of Salmonella.Mol. Cell. Probes 2271–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gray, M.L. and Killinger, A.H. (1966)Listeria monocytogenesand listeric infections.Bacteriol. Rev.,30, 309–82.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Halliday, M.L., Kang, L.Y., Zhou, T.K., Hu, M.D., Pan, Q.C., Fu, T.Y., Huang, Y.S. and Hu, S.L. (1991) An epidemic of hepatitis A attributable to the ingestion of raw clams in ShanghaiChina. J. Inf. Dis. 164852–9.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harrell, L.W. and Deardorff, T.L. (1990) Human nanophyetiasis: transmission by handling naturally infected coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch).J. Infect. Dis. 161146–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harrison, M.A., Huang, Y.W., Chao, C.H. and Shineman, T. (1991) Fate ofListeria monocytogeneson packaged, refrigerated, and frozen seafood.J. Food Protec.,54, 524–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hill, W.E. and Lampel, K.A. (1990) Gene probes used in food microbiology, inBiotechnology and Food Safety(eds D.D. Bills and S.-d. Kung). Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston, pp. 139–65.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hill, W.E., Madden, J.M., McCardell, B.A., Shah, D.B., Jagow, J.A., Payne, W.L. and Boutin, B.K. (1983) Foodborne enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli: detection and enumeration by DNA colony hybridization. Appt. Environ. Microbiol.4513–24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hill, W.E., Payne, W.L., Zon, G. and Moseley, S.L. (1985) Synthetic oligodeoxyribo-nucleotide probes for detecting heat-stable enterotoxin-producing Escherichia coli by DNA colony hybridization. Appl. Environ. Microbiol.501187–91.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hill, W.E., Keasler, S.P., Trucksess, M.W., Feng, P., Kaysner, C.A. and Lampel, K.A. (1991) Polymerase chain reaction identification ofVibrio vulnificusin artificially contaminated oyster.Appl. Environ. Microbiol.,57, 707–11.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hinojosa-Ahumada, M., Swaminathan, B., Hunter, S.B., Cameron, D.N., Kiehlbauch, J.A., Wachsmuth, I.K. and Strockbine, N.A. (1991) Restriction fragment length polymorphisms in rRNA operons for subtypingShigella sonnei.J. Clin. Microbiol. 292380–4.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hitchcock, D.J. (1950) Parasitological study on the eskimos in the Bethel area of Alaska.J. Parasitol. 36232–4.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hollinger, F.B. and Ticehurst, J. (1990) Hepatitis a virus, In Virology, Second Edition, (eds B.N. Fields, D.M. Knipe et al.) Raven Press, New York, pp. 631–67.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holmberg, S.D., Wachsmuth, I.K., Hickman-Brenner, F.W., Blake, P.A., and Farmer, J.J., ITT. (1986) Plesiomonas enteric infections in the United States.Ann. Intern. Med. 105690.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hurst, R.J. (1984) Identification and description of larval Anisakis simplex and Pseudo-terranova decipiens (Anisakidae:Nematoda) from New Zealand Waters.New Zealand J. Mar. Freshwater Res.18, 177–86.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, G.J., Bier, J.W. and Schwarz, T.L. (1990) More on making sushi safe.New Eng. J. Med.322, 1011.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jagow, J.A. and Hill, W.E. (1986) Enumeration by DNA colony hybridization of virulent Yersinia enterocolitica colonies in artificially contaminated food.Appl. Environ. Microbiol.51, 441–3.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jagow, J.A. and Hill, W.E. (1988) Enumeration of virulent Yersinia enterocolitica colonies by DNA colony hybridization using alkaline treatment and paper filters. Mol. Cell. Probes2189–95.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Janda, J.M., Powers, C., Bryant, R. and Abbott, S.L. (1988) Current perspectives on the epidemiology and pathogenesis of clinically significant Vibrio spp. Clin. Microbiol. Rev.1245.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jemmi, T. (1990) Actual knowledge of Listeria in meat and fish products. Mitt. Geb. Lebensmittelunters. Hug.31144–57.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jiang, X., Grahm, D.Y., Wang, K. and Estes, M.K. (1990) Norwalk virus genome cloning and characterization. Science2501580–3.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Joseph, S.W., Kaper, J.B. and Colwell, R.R. (1982)Vibrioparahaemolyticus and related halophilic vibrios.Crit. Rev. Microbiol.,10, 77–124.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Juntilla, J.R., Niemala, S.I. and Hirn, J. (1988) Minimum growth temperature of Listeria monocytogenes and non-haemolytic Listeria. J. Appl. Bacteriol.65321–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaper, J., Lockman, H. and Colwell, R.R. (1981)Aeromonas hydrophila: ecology and toxigenicity of isolates from an estuary.J. Appl. Bacterial. 50359–77.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kapikian, A.Z. and Chanock, R.M. (1990) Norwalk group of viruses, inVirology Second Edition(eds B.N. Fields, D.M. Knipeet al.), Raven Press, New York, pp. 671–93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaplan, J.E., Gary, G.W., Baron, R.C., Singh, N., Schonberger, L.B., Feldman, R. and Greenberg, H.B. (1982) Epidemiology of Norwalk gastroenteritis and the role of Norwalk virus in outbreaks of acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis.Ann. Intern. Med. 96756–61.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaysner, C.A. (1992) Cholera infection and poisoning, inSeafood Poisoning(ed. A. Tu), Marcel Dekker, New York, pp. 155–70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaysner, C.A., Abeyta, C. Jr., Wekell, M.M., Depaola, A., Stott, R.F. and Leitch, J.M. (1987a) Incidence of Vibrio cholerae isolated from estuaries of the U.S. west coast. J. Appl. Env. Microbial.531344–8.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaysner, C.A., Abeyta, C. Jr., Wekell, M.M., DePaola, A., Stott, R.F. and Leitch, J.M. (1987b) Virulent strains ofVibrio vulnificusisolated from estuaries of the U.S. west coast.J. Appl. Env. Microbiol.,53, 1349–51.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaysner, C.A., Tamplin, M.L., Wekell, M.M., Stott, R.F. and Colburn, K.G (1989) Survival of Vibrio vulnificus in shellstock and shucked oysters (Crassostrea gigas and C. virginica) and effects of isolation medium on recovery. Appl. Environ. Microbiol.553072–9.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaysner, C.A., Tamplin, M.L. and Twedt, R.M. (1992) Vibrio, in Compendium of Methods for the Microbiological Examination of Foods, Edition 3, American Public Health Association, Washington, D.C., pp. 451–73.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaysner, C.A., Elliott, E. and Tamplin, M.L. (1994) Vibrio vulnificus, V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, in Laboratory Procedures for the Examination of Seawater and Shellfish (ed. H.W. Kator), American Public Health Association, in press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Keasler, S.P. and Hill, W.E. (1991) Sample preparation methods for the polymerase chain reaction-based identification of enteroinvasiveEscherichia coliseeded into raw milk. Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology, p. 269.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koff, R.S. and Sear, H.S. (1967) Internal temperature of steamed clams. New England J. Med.276737–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koff, R., Chalmers, T., Culhane, P.O. and Iber, F.L. (1973) Underreporting of viral hepatitis. Gastroenterology641194–5.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kvenbcrg, J.E. (1991) Nonindigenous bacterial pathogens, in Microbiology of Marine Food Products, (eds D.R. Ward and C.R. Hackney), Avi: Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, pp. 267–84.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Lampel, K.A., Jagow, J.A., Trucksess, M. and Hill, W.E. (1990) Polymerase chain reaction for detection of invasive Shigella flexneri in food. Appl. Environ. Microbiol.561536–40.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lennon, D., Lewis, B., Mantell, C., Becroft, D., Dove, B., Farmer, K., Tonkin, S., Yeates, N., Stamp, R. and Mickleson, K. (1984) Epidemic perinatal listeriosis. Pediatr. Infect. Dis.330–4.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liston, J. (1990) Microbial hazards of seafood consumption.Food Technol. 44 (12), 56–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mahbubani, M.H., Bej, A.K., Miller, R.D., Atlas, R.M., DiCesare J.L. and Haff, L.A. (1991) Detection of bacterial MRNA using polymerase chain reaction.Biotechniques 1048–9.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Manley, K.M. and Embil, J.A. (1989) In vitro effect of ivermectin on Pseudoterranova decipiens survival. J. Helminthol.6372–4.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Matsui, S.M., Kim, J.P., Greenberg, H.B., Wanchuang, S., Sun, Q., Johnson, P.C., DuPont, H.L., Oshiro, L.S. and Reyes, G.R. (1991) The isolation and characterization of a Norwalk virus-specific cDNA. J. Clin. Invest.871456–61.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McCarthy, S.A., Motes, M.L. and McPhearson, R.M. (1990) Recovery of heat-stressed Listeria monocytogenes from experimentally and naturally contaminated shrimp. J. Food Protec.5322–5.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCaustland, K.A.; Bond, W.W., Bradley, D.W., Ebert, J.W. and Maynard, J.E. (1982) Survival of hepatitis A virus in faeces after drying and storage for one month. J. Clin. Microbiol.16957–8.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McKcrrow, J.H., Sakanari, J. and Deardorff, T.L. (1988) Anisakiasis: revenge of the sushi parasite. New Eng. J. Med.3191228–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Melnick, J.L. (1990) Enteroviruses: polioviruses, coxsackieviruses, echoviruses, and newer enteroviruses, in Virology, Second Edition, (eds B.N. Fields, D.M. Knipe et al.), Raven Press, New York, pp. 549–605.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller, R.W. (1991) Get hooked on seafood safety. FDA Consumer, 7–11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Motes, M.L. Jr. (1991) Incidence of Listeria spp. in shrimp, oysters, and estuarine waters. J. Food Protec.54170–3.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oliver, J.D. (1989) Vibrio vulnificus, in Foodborne Bacterial Pathogens, (ed. M.P. Doyle), Marcel Dekker, New York, pp. 569–600.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oshima, T. (1987) Anisakiasis - is the sushi bar guilty? Parasitol. Today3(2), 44–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Paul, J.R., Havens, W.P., Sabin, A.B. and Philip, C.B. (1945) Transmission experiments in serum jaundice and infectious hepatitis. JAMA128911–15.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peterkin, P.I., Idziak, E.S. and Sharpe, A.N. (1991) Detection of Listeria monocytogenes by direct colony hybridization on hydrophobic grid-membrane filters by using a chromogenlabeled DNA probe. Appl. Environ. Microbiol.57586–91.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Peterson, D.A., Hurley, T.R., Hoff, J.C. and Wolfe, L.G. (1983) Effect of chlorine treatment on infectivity of hepatitis A virus. Appl. Environ. Microbiol.45223–7.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Provost, P.J., Wolanski, B.S., Miller, W.J., Ittensohn, O.L., McAleer, W.J. and Hilleman, M.R. (1975) Physical, chemical and morphological dimensions of human hepatitis A virus strain CR326.Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 148532–9.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rausch, R.L. and Hilliard, D.K. (1970) Studies on the helminth fauna of Alaska. XLIX. The occurrence of Diphyllobothrium latum (Linnaeus, 1758) (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae) in Alaska, with notes on other species. Can. J. Zool.481201–19.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Richards, G.P. (1987) Shellfish-associated enteric virus illness in the United States. Estuaries1084–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Richards, G.P. (1988) Microbial purification of shellfish: a review of depuration and relaying. J. Food Prot.51218–51.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rippey, S.R. and Cabelli, V.J. (1980) Occurrence of Aeromonas hydrophila in limnetic environments: relationship of the organism to trophic state. Microb. Ecol.645–54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rippey, S.R. and Verber, J.L. (1988) Shellfish-borne Disease Outbreaks. Dept. of Health & Human Services, Public Health Service, Food and Drug Administration, Shellfish Sanitation Branch, North East Technical Service Unit, Davisville, RI.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodrick, G.E. (1991) Indigenous pathogens: Vibrionaceae, in Microbiology of Marine Food Products, (eds D.R. Ward and C.R. Hackney), Avi: Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, pp. 285–300.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Romick, T.L., Lindsay, J.A. and Busta, F.F. (1989) Evaluation of a visual DNA probe for enterotoxigenic E. coli detection in foods and wastewater by colony hybridization. J. Food Prot.52466–70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Saiki, R.K., Gelfand, D.J., Stoffel, S., Scharf, S.J., Higuchi, R., Horn, G.T., Mullis, K.B. and Erlich, H.A. (1988) Primer-directed enzymatic amplification of DNA with a thermostable DNA polymerase.Science 239487–91.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sakanari, J. and McKerrow, J.H. (1989) Anisakiasis. Clin. Microbiol. Rev.2278–84.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schantz, P.M. (1989) The dangers of eating raw fish. New Eng. J. Med.3201143–5.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Siegal, G., Weitz, M. and Kronauer, G. (1984) Stability of hepatitis A virus. Intervirology22218–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, J.W. and Wootten, R. (1978) Anisakis and Anisakiasis. Advances in Parasitology1693–163.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, J.W. and Wootten, R. (1984) Pseudodterranova larvae (‘codworm’) (Nematoda) in fish, in Fiches d’identification des Maladies et Parasites des Poissons, Crustaces et Mollusques, (ed. C.J. Sindermann), Counseil International pour L’Exploration de la Mer, Copenhagen, Denmark, pp. 2–5.

    Google Scholar 

  • Snyder, O.P. and Poland, D.M. (1991) America’s ‘safe’ food. Dairy, Food, and Environmental Sanitation1114–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sobsey, M.D., Shieh, Y.S.C. and Baric, R.S. (1990) Detection of hepatitis A virus and other enteroviruses in environmental samples using gene probe methods, in Biotechnology and Food Safety, (eds D.D. Bills and S. Kung), Butterworth-Heineman, Boston, pp. 193–215.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thornhill, T.S., Kalica, A.R., Wyatt, R.G., Kapikian, A.Z. and Chanock, R.M. (1975) Pattern of shedding of the Norwalk particle in stools during experimentally induced gastroenteritis in volunteers as determined by immune electron microscopy. J. Infect. Dis.13228–34.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Todd, E.C.D. (1989) Preliminary estimates of costs of foodborne disease in the United States. J. Food Protect.52586–94.

    Google Scholar 

  • Twedt, R.M. (1989) Vibrio parahaemolyticus, in Foodborne Bacterial Pathogens, (ed. M.P. Doyle), Marcel Dekker, New York, pp. 543–68.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van der Plas, J., Wolters, L., van Rijn, J., Huis in’t Veld, J. and Hofstra, J. (1990) Detection and enumeration of Campylobacter jejuni on chicken meat using the polymerase chain reaction. Abstracts of the 14th International Symposium, International Committee on Food Microbiology and Hygiene, p. 29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ward, D.R. and Hackney, C.R. (ed.) (1991)Microbiology of Marine Food Products. Avi: Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Watkins, J. and Sleath, K.P. (1981) Isolation and enumeration of Listeria monocytogenes from sewage, sewage sludge and river water. J. Appl. Bacteriol.501–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weagant, S.D., Sado, P.N., Colburn, K.G., Torkelson, J.D., Stanley, F.A., Krane, M.H., Shields, S.C. and Thayer, C.F. (1988) The incidence of Listeria species in frozen seafood products. J. Food Protec.51655–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weis, J. and Seeliger, H.P.R. (1975) Incidence of Listeria monocytogenes in nature.Appl. Microbiol.30, 29–32.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Welsh, J. and McClelland, M. (1990) Fingerprinting genomes using PCR with arbitrary primers. Nucleic Acids Res.187213–18.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Welshimer, H.J. (1960) Survival ofListeria monocytogenesin soil.J. Bacteriol. 80316-20.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wernars, K. and Notermans, S. (1990) Gene probes for detection of food-borne pathogens, in Gene Probes for Bacteria, (eds A.J. Macario and E.C. De Macario), Academic Press, New York, pp. 353–88.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wesley, I.V. and Ashton, F. (1991). Restriction enzyme analysis of Listeria monocytogenes strains associated with food-borne epidemics. Appl. Environ. Microbiol.57969–75.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wesley, I.V., Wesley, R.D., Cardella, M., Dewhirst, F.E. and Paster, B.J. (1991) Oligodeoxynucleotide probes for Campylobacter fetus and Campylobacter hyointestinalis based on 16S rRNA sequences. J. Clin. Microbiol.291812–17.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • West, P.A. (1989) The human pathogenic vibrios - a public health update with environmental perspectives. Epidem. Inf.1031.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Williams, J.G.K., Kubelik, A.R., Livak, K.J., Rafalski, J.A. and Tingey, S.B. (1990) DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. Nucleic Acids Res.186531–5.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, S.G., Chan, S., Deroo, M., Vera-Garcia, M., Johnson, A., Lane, D. and Halbert, D.N. (1990) Development of a colorimetric, second generation nucleic acid hybridization method for detection of Salmonella in foods and a comparison with conventional culture procedure. J. Food Sci.551394–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou, Y.J., Estes, M.K., Jiang, Z. and Metcalf, T.G. (1991) Concentration and detection of hepatitis A virus and rotavirus from shellfish by hybridization tests. Applied and Environ. Microbiol.572963–8.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. M. M. Wekell
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. R. Manger
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. K. Colburn
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. A. Adams
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. W. Hill
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Biochemistry and Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Canada

    Fereidoon Shahidi

  2. Canada Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Inspection Branch, Canada

    J. Richard Botta

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1994 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Wekell, M.M., Manger, R., Colburn, K., Adams, A., Hill, W. (1994). Microbiological quality of seafoods: viruses, bacteria and parasites. In: Shahidi, F., Botta, J.R. (eds) Seafoods: Chemistry, Processing Technology and Quality. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2181-5_11

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2181-5_11

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-5913-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-2181-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation